极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 640-651.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20230012

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

南极罗斯海盆地运动学模型的建立及其构造意义

蔡晓仙1,高金耀2,姜杰1,樊新志1,李娜1,郭一栋1   

  1. 1自然资源部第二海洋研究所, 浙江 杭州 310012; 
    2自然资源部海底科学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 310012; 
    3自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室, 广东 广州 510000; 
    4浙江大学海洋学院, 浙江 舟山 316000

  • 收稿日期:2023-03-22 修回日期:2023-05-23 出版日期:2024-12-31 发布日期:2025-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 高金耀
  • 作者简介:蔡晓仙, 女, 1996年生。硕士研究生, 主要从事南极罗斯海张裂构造时空变化研究。E-mail: caixiaoxian@sio.org.cn
  • 基金资助:
    南极特拉裂谷构造活动性、张裂模式和动力机理研究;南极罗斯海陆架盆地幕式张裂构造和过程的时空变化研究;南极重点海域对气候变化的影响和响应

Kinematic model of the Ross Sea Basin in Antarctic and its tectonic significance

CAI Xiaoxian1,2, GAO Jinyao1,2,3,4, JIANG Jie1,2, FAN Xinzhi1,2, LI Na1,2, GUO Yidong1,2   

  1. 1Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China;
    2Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China;
    3Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Detection Technology and Application, MNR, Guangzhou 510000, China;
    4Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China
  • Received:2023-03-22 Revised:2023-05-23 Online:2024-12-31 Published:2025-01-15

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摘要： 罗斯海的伸展过程对西南极裂谷系统(WARS)的构造演化起着重要作用, 目前研究大都聚焦于某一时期的伸展, 而对其伸展过程缺乏系统性研究。本文基于GPlates软件构建罗斯海盆地形成以来的运动模型, 建立不同时期罗斯海各盆地伸展过程与西南极相对东南极运动状态以及地幔低速带(mLVZ)之间的关系, 进而分析相对运动状态和地幔岩浆活动对WARS张裂过程的影响。结果显示, 在扩散张裂(约100—53 Ma)过程中, 罗斯海东部盆地和中央海槽形成于mLVZ上方, 其张裂过程不仅受西南极与东南极相对运动构造拉张的影响, 而且也受地幔热作用的影响。在集中张裂(约43—11 Ma)过程中, 维多利亚地盆地及特拉裂谷形成于mLVZ的西侧, 其张裂过程主要受构造拉张的影响, 而与地幔热作用无关。

关键词: 南极, 罗斯海盆地, 西南极裂谷系统, 运动模型, 地幔低速带

Abstract: The extension history of the Ross Sea has played an important role in the tectonic evolution of the West Antarctic Rift System (WARS), however, most of the current studies have focused on the extension history of a certain period, while the extension process has not been systematically studied. We constructed a movement model for the Ross Sea Basin since its formation based on GPlates software, established the relationship between the extension process of each basin in the Ross Sea and the mantle low-velocity zone (mLVZ) in different periods, and then analyzed the influence of the plate boundary forces and the mantle magmatic activity on the WARS rifting process. During the diffuse rifting of WARS (~100–53 Ma), the Eastern Basin and Central Trough of the Ross Sea passed above the mLVZ, implying that diffuse rifting is influenced by both tectonic stretching and mantle heat. During the focused rifting of WARS (~43–11 Ma), the Victoria Land Basin and the Terror Rift were developed in the western side of the mLVZ, implying that the focused rifting was mainly influenced by tectonic stretching not by mantle heat.

Key words: Antarctica, Ross Sea Basins, West Antarctica Rift System, Plate Motion Model, Mantle Low-velocity Zone