SPECIES COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF DIATOMS IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF BERING SEA

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1084.2012.00331

Abstract

Abstract: Abstract Based on 6 surface sediment samples, which were collected in the Being Sea during the Forth Chinese Arctic Expedition, a total of 101 diatom species (including varieties and forms) belonging to 37 genera had been detected. These species can be sorted into four ecological groups:（1）Eurythermal group;（2）Boreal-temperate group;（3）Polar group; and（4）Sea-ice group. In the basin area, diatoms were dominated by boreal-temperate group, including Neodenticula seminae、Thalassiosira trifulta、Rhizosolenia hebetata f. hiemalis and Actinocyclus curvatulus. However, in the northern shelf area, they were mainly polar group with the dominant species of Fragilariopsis oceanica、Thalassiosira antarctica spora、Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii and Thalassiosira hyaline. Diatom concentrations show the maximum of 3.6×106 cells per gram wet sediment in the basin and minimum of 0.7×106 cells per gram wet sediment in the eastern shelf, excluding resting spores of Chaetoceros spp. The relationship between the distribution of diatoms in surface sediment and environmental factors was discussed in this study.

Key words: surface sediment, diatom, species composition, abundance, Bering Sea

Shao Lixia, Lin Rongcheng, Gao Yahui, Huang Dingyong. SPECIES COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF DIATOMS IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF BERING SEA[J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2012, 24(4): 331-338.

References

[1] Semina G J, Jousé A P,. Diatoms in biocoenosis of western part of the Bering Sea [J]. Tr. Inst.Oceanol. Akad. Nauk, SSSP, 1959, 30:52-67.(In Russian)

[2] Jousé A P. Stratigraphic and paleogeographic investigations in the northwest part of the Pacific Ocean[M]. Moscow : Akad Nauk SSSR, Oceanologic Inst, 1962, 1-258. [In Russian]

[3] Sancetta C A. Oceanographic and ecologic significance of diatoms in surface sediments of the Bering and Okhotsk Seas[J]. Deep-Sea Research, 1981,28:789-817.

[4] Sancetta C A. Distribution of diatom species in surface sediments of the Bering and Okhotsk Seas[J].Micropaleontology, 1982, 28:221-257.

[5] 杨清良, 林更铭, 林茂等. 楚科奇海和白令海浮游植物的种类组成与分布[J]．极地研究,2002，14 ( 2 ):113-125.

[6] 陈荣华, 孟翊, 华棣等. 楚科奇海与白令海表层沉积物中的钙质和硅质微体化石研究[J]．海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2001, 4: 25-30.

[7] 王汝建, 陈荣华. 白令海表层沉积物中硅质生物的变化及其环境控制因素[J]. 中国地质大学学报,2004, 29(6): 685-690.

[8] H?kansson H. The recent diatom succession of Lake Havgardssjon, South Sweden. In: Mann, D.G. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Diatom Symposium, Philadelphia, 1984：411–429.

[9] Cupp E E. Marine Plankton Diatoms of the West Coast of North America, Vol. 5 [M]. Los Angeles: University of California Press, CA, 1943, 1–238.

[10] Fryxell G A, Hasle G R. The genus Thalassiosira: some species with a modified ring of central strutted processes [J]. Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft, 1977, 54: 67-98.

[11] Fryxell G A, Hasle G R. The genus Thalassiosira: T. trifulta sp. nova and other species with tri-columnar supports on strutted processes[J]. Nova Hedwigia, Beih, 1979, 64:13-31.

[12] Gleser S I, Makarova I V, Moisseeva A I, et al. The diatoms of the USSR: fossil and recent, vol. 2[M]. St Petersburg: Nauka, 1979, 1:1-400 pls 1-93(In Russian).

[13] Hasle G R. Thalassiosira subtilis (Bacillariophyceae) and two allied species[J]. Norw. J. Bot, 1972, 19: 111-137.

[14] Hasle G R, Fryxell G A. The genus Thalassiosira: Some species with a linear areola array [J]. Nova Hedwigia, Beih, 1977, 54:15-66.

[15] Hasle G R, Heimdal B R., Morphology and distribution of the marine centric diatom Thalassiosira antarctica Comber [J]. Roy. Microsc. Soc, Jour, London, 1968, 88:357-369.

[16] Hasle G R. Nitzschia and Fragilariopsis species studied in the light and electron microscopes III. The genus Fragilariopsis [M]. Skrifter utgitt av Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo I. Matematisk Naturvidenskapelig Klasse, Ny Serie, 1965, 21:1–49.

[17] Hasle G R, Demendiola B R E. The fine structure of some Thalassionema and Thalassiothrix species[J]. Phycologia, 1967, 6:107-125.

[18] Hasle G R, Syvertsen E E. Identifying Marine Phytoplankton[M]. California: Academic Press, 1997, 5-385.

[19] Kanaya T, Koizum I. Interpretation of diatom thanatocoenoses from the North Pacific applied to a study of core V20-130[J]. Tohoku Univ, Sci. Repts, 1966, 37(2):89-130.

[20] Lundholm N, Hasle G R. Fragilariopsis (Bacillariophyceae) of the Northern Hemisphere – morphology, taxonomy, phylogeny and distribution, with a description of F.paci?ca sp. nov[J]. Phycologia, 2010, 49: 438-460.

[21] Mann A. Report of the diatoms of the Albatross voyages in the Pacific Ocean, 1888-1904[M]. Smithsonian Inst. U.S. Nat. Herbarium, Contrib, 1907, 10:221-419, pls. 44-54.

[22] Pike J, Crosta X, Maddison E J, et al. Observations on the relationship between the Antarctic coastal diatoms Thalassiosira antarctica Comber and Porosira glacialis (Grunow) J?rgensen and sea ice concentrations during the late Quaternary. Marine Micropaleontology, 2009, 73:14-25.

[23] Round F E, Basson P W. A new monoraphid diatom genus (Pogoneis) from Bahrain and the transfer of previously described species A. hugarica & A. taeniata to new genera [J]. Diatom Research, 1997, 12: 71–81.

[24] Simonsen R. Atlas and Catalogue of the diatom types of Friedrich Hustedt. Vol. 1: Catalogue. p. 1-525. Vol. 2: Atlas, pl. 1- 395. Vol. 3: Atlas, pl. 396-772. Berlin/Stuttgart: J. Cramer, 1987.

[25] Syvertsen E E, Hasle G R.. Thalassiosira bulbosa Syversten, sp. nov, an Arctic marine diatom [J]. Polar Biol, 1984, 3:167-172.

[26] Syvertsen E E. Resting spore formation in clonal cultures of Thalassiosira antarctica Comber, T. nordenskioeldii Cleve and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran [J]. Nova Hedwigia, Beih, 1979, 64:41-63.

[27] Syvertsen E E. Thalassiosira rotula and T. gravida: Ecology and morphology [J]. Nova Hedwigia, Beih, 1977, 54:99-112.

[28] Yamaji Isamu. Illustrations of the Marine Plankton of Japan [M]. Osaka: Hoikusha Publishing Co., 1984, 1-90.

[29] Schmidt A Ed. Atlas der Diatomaceen kunde [M]. Leipzig: 0. R. Reisland, 1874-1959, 1-480.

[30] Shimada C, Burckle L H, Tanimura Y. Morphological variability in Neodenticula seminae, a marine planktonic diatom in the North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea. Diatom Research, 2003, 18(2):307–322.

[31] 郭玉洁,钱树本.中国海藻志,第五卷硅藻门，第一册中心纲[M]. 北京:科学出版社. 2003,1-493.

[32] 金德祥, 程兆第, 林均民等. 中国海洋底栖硅藻类(上卷)[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 1982,1-323.

[33] 金德祥, 程兆第, 林均民等. 中国海洋底栖硅藻类(下卷)[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 1991,4-437.

[34] Sancetta C, Robinson S W. Diatom evidence on Wisconsin and Holocene events in the Bering Sea. Quaternary Research, 1983, 20:232-245.

[35] 汤毓祥, 矫玉田, 邹娥梅. 白令海和楚科奇海水文特征和水团结构的初步分析[J]. 极地研究, 2001, 13(1): 57-68.

[36] Paquette R G，Bourke R H. Observations on the coastal current of Arctic Alaska. J. Mar. Res, 1974, 32:195– 207.