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30 September 1997, Volume 9 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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MEASUREMENTS OF NO 2 AND ANALYSES OF STRATOSPHERIC NO 2 AND O 3 OVER ZHONGSHAN STATION,ANTARCTICA 1997, 9 (3):  3-8.  Abstract ( 1791 )   PDF (162KB) ( 1112 )   NO 2 is one of the important gases in stratospheric chemistry,it is the partner of the heterogeneous reaction on Polar Stratospheric Cloud(PSC's) which causes the happening of the Antarctic Ozone Hole,and it can also react with ClO to form ClONO 2,and thus control the destruction of ozone caused by man made chlorine compounds.It's of significent importance to take the measurement of NO 2 in Antarctica.We have already continually take the measurement of total column amount of O 3,NO 2 as well as stratospheric O 3,NO 2,this paper analyses the seasonal variation of NO 2 and its relationship to O 3 during the Antarctic Ozone Hole in the years 1993-1995 and points out that the decrease of atmospheric NO 2 is one important reason of the increase of Antarctic Ozone Hole. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDIES ON LATE QUATERNARY DIATOM ASSEMBLAGE AND PALEOCLIMATE OF THE PRYDZ BAY,ANTARCTICA 1997, 9 (3):  9-15.  Abstract ( 1905 )   PDF (491KB) ( 1375 )   Diatom floras in the cores NP93 2 and NP95 1 from the Prydz Bay,Antarctica have been analyzed.Results show that Nitzschia curta and Talassiosira lentiginosa are the dominant species and N.kerguelensis and N.ritscheri are second dominant species in the core NP93 2,and N.kerguelensis,N.curta,Denticulopsis spp. and T.lentiginosa are frequent dominant species and Eucampia balaustium,T.antarctica and T.gracilis are common second dominant species in the core NP95 1,three and seven diatom assemblage zones can be divided respectively in above two cores. According to the N.curta/N.kerguelensis ratio and the 14 C dating,the author divided paleoclimate since 15 000 a B.C. into eight paleoclimatic zones:Ⅰ.Warm period of last glacier,Ⅱ.Heinrich Event 1,Ⅲ.Bolling Allerod,Ⅳ.Younger Dryas,Ⅴ.Warm period,Ⅵ.Suitable period,Ⅶ.Short period of low temperature,Ⅷ.Warm period.It's the first time to find the short period of low temperature of Holocene in Antarctica. Related Articles | Metrics

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON HYDROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LAKES ON FILDES PENINSULA,WEST ANTARCTICA AND ON LARSEMANN HILLS,EAST ANTARCTICA 1997, 9 (3):  16-21.  Abstract ( 1854 )   PDF (380KB) ( 1281 )   Comparison of lake water between regions on Fildes Peninsula and Larsemann Hills is reported. Results of this study indicate that the degree of mineralization and conductivity of water of Fildes Peninsula lakes are found to be 17-33 times and 3-4 times higher than that in Larsemann Hills lakes,respectively,but the hydrochemical types of lake water in both region are relatively the same with Na + and Cl - predominating. Nutrient contents in lakes of both districts are rather low,belonging to the oligotrophic type. T P concentrations in lake water of both regions are similar,but there is a marked difference in T N concentrations and T N of lake water in Larsemann Hills region is 2-10 times higher than that in Fildes Peninsula region. The composition of inorganic nitrogen in lake water of all Larsemann Hills lakes is dominated by NH 4 N,whereas in Fildes Peninsula lakes the concentrations of NH 4 N are similar to those of NO 3 N. In Fildes Peninsula region,concentrations of all trace elements Cu,Cr,Mn,Pb,Cd,Ni,Fe and Al in water are higher than those in Larsemann Hills region,with the exception of Zn. The concentrations of those elements in lakewater of both regions approach to the values of these elements in the hydrosphere,reflecting the congruity between the chemical composition of lake water and the state of natural background. Related Articles | Metrics

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SEASONAL CHANGE OF ICE ALGAL ASSEMBALGES WITH ITS RELATION TO PHYTOPLANKTON NEAR ZHONGSHAN STATION,EAST ANTARCTICA 1997, 9 (3):  22-31.  Abstract ( 1831 )   PDF (285KB) ( 1093 )   The ice algal and phytoplankton assemblages were monitored from April to December,1992 in Nella Fjord near Zhongshan Station (69°22′24″S,76°22′40″E),east Antarctica.The abundance of algae in the ice and water column (0～50 m) were higher in April and mid November mid December,which could reach 10 8-10 9cells/m 2. Amphiprora kjellmanii、Berkeleyarutilans、Navicula glaciei、Nitzschia barkleyi、N.cylindrus、N.lecointei and Nitzschia sp.were dominant in the ice column in one season or throughout the study.Although the dominant species could maintain in some ice layers,succession occurred in most sections following the changes of the environmental factors.The dominant species in the vertical profiles of ice in the spring and summer couldn't reflect the seasonal succession of blooms in the bottom layer of ice. The comparison of algal composition and abundance between bottom layer of ice and surface layer of water suggests that it is different except in late November when the spring ice algal bloom occurred.Both autumn and spring ice algal blooms occurred mainly by the in situ growth rather than physical collection.The seeding of ice algae to phytoplankton was not significant after they released from ice in early December. Related Articles | Metrics

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MEAN IONOSPHERIC PROPERTIES IN WINTER AT ZHONGSHAN STATION,ANTARCTICA 1997, 9 (3):  32-37.  Abstract ( 1825 )   PDF (174KB) ( 1254 )   null References | Related Articles | Metrics

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THE BIOMARKER COMPOUNDS IN SURFICIAL SEDIMENTS FROM THE BRANSFIELD STRAIT,ANTARCTICA 1997, 9 (3):  38-46.  Abstract ( 1976 )   PDF (482KB) ( 1559 )   The distribution patterns of alkyl cyclohexane,alkylbenzene,carotane,sterene and terpane compounds in surficial sediments from the Bransfield strait,Antarctica are studied.The precursor of alkyl cyclohexane mainly derived from marine organism and mixed with terrestrial matter. The main peak of alkylbenzene is C 12 alkylbenzene in stations G 15 and G 32,carbon number ranging from C 11 to C 24 ;the predominance of C 21 alkylbenzene is present in station G 25,but C 17 and C 19-20 compounds are absent. The β carotane is the principal compound in carotane series and contains perhydro carotene.24 ethylcholest 5 en,steradiene and cholest 5 en are present in the sediments. The carbon number of bicyclic sesquiterpenes ranges from C 17 to C 21 . The lanostane compounds are C 30 8β(H),9α(H) lanostane,C 31 24 methyllanostane and C 32 24 ethyllanostane. The presence of biologicial conifugration of ββ type as C 29 17β(H),21β(H) 30 norhopane,C 30 17β(H),21β(H) hopane and C 31 17β(H),21β(H) homohopane indicate the low maturity of the sedimentary organic matter. Related Articles | Metrics

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null 1997, 9 (3):  47-53.  Abstract ( 1754 )   PDF (206KB) ( 1367 )   This paper reported a study on the psychological adjustments and changes of the winter over members of the Antarctic Great Wall Station in the extreme environment and long term isolation.The data was obtained through some personality questionnaires,psychological characteristics assessments and behavior observations. The results showed that during the later phase of the winter over,all the members experienced more mood disturbance and attention difficulties,though a few were more serious than the others.The average scores of Cattell's 16 Personality Facters Questionnaires fall around the mean for most of the members,and even higher for some of them compared to their scores obtained in the beginning of the winter over.There was no obvious change in their scores for the sub scores of Eysenck Personality Questionnaires.After one year' stay in Antarctica,all the members exhibited more extrocontrol and less introcontrol. The results of the psychological characteristics assessment showed that while the members' Distinguish Reaction Time and Choice Reaction Time remained the same,their Simple Reaction Time was obviously longer. Their memory abilities improved rather than degenerated. The flexibility of their higher nervous activities was a little bit lower. These results have important theoretical and empirical significance in improving the physical and mental health of a group in extreme environment of Antarctica,as well as in effectively selecting group members working in Antarctica. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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AN UNIDENTIFIED GEOPHYSICAL EVENT RECORDED BY L & R ET AT ZHONGSHAN STATION,ANTARCTICA 1997, 9 (3):  54-55.  Abstract ( 1707 )   PDF (166KB) ( 1249 )   During 22:00UT,Jan.25 to 10:00UT,Jan.28,1997,a 60 hour continuous stable disturbance was recorded by Lacoste & Romberg earth tide gravity meter (ET21) installed at Zhongshan Station,Antarctica.Its maximum amplitude is ±3μgal.After removing the possibility of malfunction of the instrument and any interference from outside,they determined this is a rare,integral and characteristic “geophysical event”. Since Jan.25,The “event” subsequently occurred on Feb.9,19,23,Mar.29,May.8 After analyzing and studying these data,I tentatively concluded the event was caused by the abnormal disturbance of the matter inside the earth's core. They temporally called the phenomenon which firstly discover at Antarctica FDEC(Free Disturbance of the Earth's Core). Related Articles | Metrics

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PRELIMINARY STUDY OF CHINESE ANTARCTIC DATA MANAGEMENT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK 1997, 9 (3):  56-62.  Abstract ( 1864 )   PDF (301KB) ( 1312 )   Antarctic data management is one of the research focus,which the international Antarctic organizations,e.g. ATCM,SCAR,and COMNAP have been paying close attention to and promoting actively. Through an effort of five years,establishment of ADDS is defined as the most important base of establishing and managing the international Antarctic data management system by SCAR COMNAP ad hoc Planning Group on Antarctic data management. From now on,JCADM is responsible for organizing and coordinating the international Antarctic data management,and implementing the project ADDS.The author introduces the background on Antarctic data management in sequence of time and the structure of international framework,meanwhile,realizes that it is necessary to develop ADDS first of all. The ADDS mainly consists of the two principle parts:NADCs of all the Party Members and AMD,the best available technology for creating ADDS is to make full use of IDN and adopt its DIF. In the light of the above requirements,combined with Chinese specific situation, the contents,technical and administrative methods on Chinese Antarctic data management are discussed to promote our related work. Related Articles | Metrics

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THE DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL ARSENIC IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES FROM THE GREAT WALL STATION,ANTARCTICA 1997, 9 (3):  63-66.  Abstract ( 1828 )   PDF (267KB) ( 1223 )   The total As concentrations in about 10 different environmental samples from the Great Wall Station,Antarctica were determined,the distribution of total As in different envionmental mediums and a comparison with the As levels in other areas in the world were also discussed.The results show that,except lichen,moss and shellfish,in fresh water,seawater,fresh snow,sediments,surface soil and marine plants the total As concentrations are lowwer than the backgroud levels in the world.Lichen,moss and shellfish exhibit(show) a strong As concentrating ability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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DATA ERROR ANALYSIS AND PROCESSING OF GPS CRUSTAL DEFORMATION MONITORING NETWORK IN WEST ANTARCTIC FILDES REGION 1997, 9 (3):  67-71.  Abstract ( 1979 )   PDF (117KB) ( 1165 )   In this paper the data error property is discussed for GPS crustal deformation monitoring Network of West Antarctic Fildes region,and the systematic error of the data is tested by statistical theory. One method to remove the effect of systematic error from GPS data is given out in this paper also. The method has following 3 features:1.two stable points in the Network are selected as computative datum;2.the scale factor correction and iterative calculation of coordinate conversion are applied to the monitoring data;3.the structure of the Network points does not change after rectified calculation. The systematic error influence is eliminated in rectified data fundamentally. Related Articles | Metrics

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RECENT PROGRESS IN THE STUDY ON ANTARCTIC GLACIOLOGY AND GLOBAL CHANGE 1997, 9 (3):  72-77.  Abstract ( 1848 )   PDF (381KB) ( 1748 )   Antarctic glaciology and global change is the major topic of the international symposium on “Antarctic and Global Change :Interactions and Impacts” held recently. Several key research fields,including monitoring and evaluation of Antarctic mass balance throughout field measurement,GPS,satellite techniques and digital modelling;Atmospheric and environmental chemistry as well as climate record in Antarctic snow and ice;Deep ice core study and its comparison with other paleoenvironmental records,are currently focused in Antarctic glaciological study. The latest international research developments in these aspects are comprehensively discussed in the paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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330km GLACIOLOGICAL EXPEDITION FROM ZHONGSHAN STATION TO INLAND OF ANTARCTIC ICE SHEET 1997, 9 (3):  78-82.  Abstract ( 1857 )   PDF (167KB) ( 1088 )   CHINARE organized the first Antarctic Inland Glaciological Profile Expedition in the summer of 1996￣1997,going into 330km. This is the start of the Trans Antarctic Scientific Expedition from Zhongshan Station to Dome A. The project had been prepared for more than 5 years. It will cover mass balance of ice sheet, environment evolution for last 200 years, exchanging processes between ice, snow and atmosphere,etc. In this expedition, the data of mass balance, geomorphy, meteorology and snow pit stratigraphy were observed, snow samples from surface and snow pits were collected, two 50m snow cores were drilled. Related Articles | Metrics