Abstract: Polar ice sheet drilling has emerged as a focal point in polar scientific research, with the cross-sectional morphology data from polar ice sheet boreholes providing insights into glacier movement patterns and ice sheet stability. This paper describes the measurement requirements for high-precision physical parameter detection in polar ice sheet boreholes. Jilin University designed a novel measurement device for borehole wall profiles, characterized by its streamlined structure, high measurement accuracy, and convenient maintenance and repair of components. To validate the rationality and precision of the measurement device’s structure, this paper presents numerical simulation analysis and experimental verification of the device’s structure and key components. The paper also proposes improved methods to address deficiencies in the device’s structure, thereby enhancing measurement accuracy and data processing convenience. These improvements not only expand the device’s applicability but also enable its use for measuring the cross-sectional morphologies of boreholes of various sizes, thereby providing a robust tool for highly accurate measurements of polar ice sheet borehole wall profiles and facilitating research into glacier movement patterns and ice sheet stability.

Key words: polar ice cap, measurement device, borehole diameter measurement,  simulation analysis