极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 299-306.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1084.2012.00299

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2010年夏季北极海冰反照率的观测研究

章睿1 ，柯长青1，谢红接2 ，孙波3     

  1. 1南京大学地理与海洋科学学院，江苏 南京，210093；
    2Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA；
    3中国极地研究中心，上海，200136
  • 收稿日期:2012-01-16 修回日期:2012-03-19 出版日期:2012-09-30 发布日期:2012-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 柯长青
  • 基金资助:

    国家863计划重点项目课题;国家自然科学基金项目;教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目

SURFACE ALBEDO MEASUREMENTS OVER SEA ICE IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN DURING SUMMER 2010

Zhang Rui1, Ke Changqing1, Xie Hongjie2, Sun Bo3   

  1.  
    1 School of Geography and Oceanography, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;
    2 Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA;
    3 Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
  • Received:2012-01-16 Revised:2012-03-19 Online:2012-09-30 Published:2012-09-30
  • Supported by:

    National 863 Plan Key Project Topics;National Science Foundation Projects;The Ministry of Education New Century Excellent Talent Support Programs

PDF (PC)

1655

被引次数

27

摘要： 雪和海冰作为北极地区反照率最高的地表类型，可以将大部分入射辐射能量反射回天空，其表面反照率的变化对整个地表-大气辐射平衡系统和全球气候变化都会有重要影响。在2010年中国第4次北极科学考察期间用ASD光谱仪对北极太平洋扇区不同类型的海冰表面反照率进行了现场测量，观测时段为7月27日至8月23日，地理范围在72°18′-87°20′N和152°34′-178°22′W之间。观测结果表明积雪覆盖海冰的反照率最高，干雪覆盖时均值达到0.82，融化的湿雪覆盖时反照率会有一定程度地降低。夏季北极地区存在大量融池，融池海冰按颜色划分为白冰，蓝冰和灰冰，白冰的平均反照率为0.54，蓝冰的为0.31，灰冰的只有0.20，融池水的反照率只有0.16。融池是北极夏季反照率变化的重要原因。

关键词: 北极, 海冰, 光谱测量, 反照率, 融池

Abstract: Snow and sea ice in the Arctic have the highest albedo of all surface types on the Earth, and it can reflect most of the incident radiation energy back to the sky. Variations in the surface albedo of the Arctic region have a significant effect on the radiation budget of the earth-atmosphere system and global climate. The surface albedo of different kinds of sea ice in the Arctic ocean Pacific region were measured with ASD spectrometer during the 4th Chinese National Arctic Expedition in 2010. Observation period is July 27-August 23,and the geographical range of 72 ° 18'-87 ° 20'N and 152 ° 34'-178 ° 22'W .The measurement results indicated that mean total albedo for sea ice covered by dry snow is 0.82 which is the highest one，and a certain extent decrease when melting. There are a lot of melting ponds in the Arctic Ocean summer, and ponded ice was classified into 3 types by its color. Albedo of white ice is high as 0.54, blue ice is lower as 0.31, gray ice is far lower than the other two types, generally 0.20, and albedo for melting ponds is only 0.16 by calculate. Melting pond is the main reason for the variations in albedo during the Arctic summer.

Key words: the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, spectral measurements, albedo, melting ponds