极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 352-366.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20210059

• 研究进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

北极季节性海冰区-融池系统的碳酸盐体系及其碳汇研究进展

曹君乾1,2  祁第1   

  1. 1集美大学极地与海洋研究院, 福建 厦门 361005; 
    2中山大学海洋科学学院, 广东 珠海 519082
  • 出版日期:2022-09-28 发布日期:2022-09-30
  • 作者简介:曹君乾, 男, 1998年生。硕士研究生, 主要从事北极海冰-融池系统的碳酸盐体系相关研究。E-mail: caojq6@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2019YFE0114800, 2019YFC1509101)、国家自然科学基金(42176230, 41941013) 、福建省自然科学基金(2022J06026, 2019Jo5148)、中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心重点部署项目(COMS2020Q12)和南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室自主科研项目(SML2021SP306)资助

Review of carbonate system and carbon sinks of seasonal Arctic sea ice-melt pond systems

Cao Junqian1,2, Qi Di1   

  1. 1Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen 361005, China;
    2Marine Science College, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
  • Online:2022-09-28 Published:2022-09-30

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摘要： 北极海冰-融池系统是地球系统关键组成部分。融池是极地海冰区域春夏季存在的季节性特征, 面积可以占海冰表面积的30%以上。海冰和融池的碳酸盐体系对于高纬度地区CO2的源汇平衡十分重要。当前对于融池碳酸盐体系的了解极其缺乏, 为了促进今后的相关研究, 对海冰和融池的碳酸盐体系及其碳汇情况进行了概述。一年生海冰和融池每年都遵循类似的季节演化。对于融池, 在形成初期初级生产增强以及碳酸钙(CaCO3)晶体的溶解促进了海冰和融水中总碱度(TA)、总溶解无机碳(DIC)和CO2分压(pCO2)的强烈下降, 同时盐卤水的碳酸盐系统主要受到融池水渗透的控制。随着时间的推移, 融池水的pCO2在海-气交换作用下逐渐增加至趋近大气平衡。融水的持续供应使得融池水的pCO2波动并低于大气值, 直至季节性海冰完全衰退。另外, 研究者基于有限的数据估算出海融池系统在一年内可以提供约10.4 Tg C的碳吸收。最后, 展望了海冰-融池体系碳酸盐系统未来研究的发展方向, 提出了亟需解决的科学问题。

关键词:  北冰洋, 海冰, 融池, CO2, 碳酸盐体系

Abstract: The Arctic sea ice-melt pond system is a key component of the Earth system. Melt ponds occur in spring and summer, and accounts for more than 30% of the sea ice surface. Carbonate systems of sea ice and melt ponds are important components of the high-latitude oceanic CO2 budget. However, the carbon cycle and carbonate system in the melt ponds remain largely unknown. Here we review the current research on the carbonate systems and carbon sink of sea ice and melt ponds. Sea ice and melt ponds undergo similar seasonal changes each year. The enhanced primary production and dissolution of calcium carbonate crystals at the beginning of the melting season promote the strong decline of total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) in sea ice and melt water, while the carbonate system of brineis are mainly controlled by infiltration of melt water. As the melting season advances, air-sea CO2 exchange is promoted and pCO2 of melt water gradually increases because of CO2 exchange with the atmosphere; it fluctuates between zero and atmospheric level until the seasonal sea ice has completely melted. Sea ice melt ponds system can absorb approximately 10.4 Tg of carbon in one year. We identify urgent scientific questions and future research directions with respect to the carbonate systems of sea ice and melt pond.

Key words: Arctic Ocean, sea ice, melt ponds, CO2 (carbon dioxide), carbonate system