极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 340-351.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20210049

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

面向新十年的瑞典北极战略评析

岳鹏1  陈慧文1  高晓艳2   

  1. 1辽宁大学国际经济政治学院, 辽宁  沈阳  110136; 
    2辽宁大学公共管理学院, 辽宁  沈阳  110136

  • 收稿日期:2021-06-10 修回日期:2021-08-22 出版日期:2022-09-28 发布日期:2022-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 高晓艳, E-mail: 105744694@qq.com
  • 作者简介:岳鹏, 男, 1986年生。博士, 副教授, 主要从事极地问题研究。E-mail: yuep05@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省教育厅“青年育苗”项目（LQN202032）和韩国教育部及韩国学研究院韩国学促进服务机构联合支持的韩国学核心大学计划项目（AKS-2018-OLU-2250002）资助

Analysis of Sweden’s Arctic strategy for the new decade

Yue Peng1, Chen Huiwen1, Gao Xiaoyan2   

  1. 1School of International Economics and International Relations, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110136, China;
    2 School of Public Management, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110136, China

  • Received:2021-06-10 Revised:2021-08-22 Online:2022-09-28 Published:2022-09-28

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摘要： 近十年来气候变暖加剧使北极的海冰以更快的速度消失, “无冰的北极”时代即将来临, 日趋重要的资源、航运和地缘战略价值导致大国在北极的争夺加剧, 俄美军事对抗增强以及中美关系恶化给地区的稳定带来了严重挑战; 由于瑞典认为中俄北极合作的强化是北极地缘环境的又一显著变化, 因此瑞典作为北极国家必须对此予以回应。2020年11月, 瑞典出台第二版北极战略报告《瑞典的北极战略》, 对国际合作、军事安全、气候环境、极地研究、可持续经济发展和居民生活条件提升六方面进行阐述, 尤其增加了对地区安全的评估, 但同时仍强调了合作, 努力塑造争端协调者的角色。对于地区军事风险增加、海洋权属纠纷频发和基础设施薄弱等挑战, 瑞典正积极予以应对。

关键词: 瑞典北极战略, 北极安全, 军事对抗, 大国竞争

Abstract: Under Arctic amplification, the melting of Arctic ice has accelerated in recent years. The era of an ice-free Arctic is arriving. The Arctic is becoming increasingly valuable in terms of resources, transportation, and geopolitics, and is intensifying the competition among the great powers. Increasing confrontations between Russia and US and deteriorating relations between China and US are challenging Arctic security. Sweden considers that a stronger cooperation between China and Russia would lead to considerable changes in Arctic geopolitics. In November 2020, Sweden released its new Arctic report—Sweden’s strategy for the Arctic region 2020. It emphasizes international cooperation, military security, climate and environment, polar research, sustainable economic development, and improvement of residents’ living conditions; residents’ security was especially emphasized. Sweden advocates cooperation and takes on the role of mediator in case of disputes. Sweden is actively responding to the challenges in the Arctic, which include increasing risks of military confrontation, frequent disputes over maritime rights, and insufficient infrastructure.

Key words: Sweden’s Arctic strategy, Arctic security, military confrontation, great power competition