极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 161-172.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20170036

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于海冰密集度遥感数据的波弗特海海冰时空变化研究

刘玥1 庞小平1,2 赵羲1,2 苏楚钦3 季青1,2   

  1. 1. 中国南极测绘研究中心, 湖北 武汉430079
    2. 极地测绘科学国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室, 湖北 武汉430079
    3. 武汉大学资源与环境科学学院, 湖北 武汉430079
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-22 修回日期:2017-12-27 出版日期:2018-06-30 发布日期:2018-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 赵羲
  • 基金资助:

    高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20130141120009)、国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1402704)资助

Analysis of spatiotemporal variability of sea ice in the Beaufort Sea using passive microwave remote sensing data

Liu Yue1, Pang Xiaoping1,2, Zhao Xi1,2, Su Chuqin3, Ji Qing1,2   

  • Received:2017-09-22 Revised:2017-12-27 Online:2018-06-30 Published:2018-06-30

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摘要：

采用美国冰雪数据中心(NSIDC)的日尺度与月尺度海冰密集度数据, 将海冰密集度为15%作为阈值
确定海冰外缘线位置, 提取波弗特海海域的海冰外缘线, 计算波弗特海的海冰密集度、海冰范围与海冰面积,
然后通过海冰范围与海冰外缘线的年际变化与季节变化来分析波弗特海海冰外缘线退缩的时空变化特征与
趋势。实验结果表明, 1978—2015年波弗特海的海冰密集度、海冰范围与海冰面积整体变化趋势一致, 减少
趋势显著。37年来, 海冰密集度平均每年减少约0.3%, 海冰范围平均每年减少3 235 km², 海冰面积平均每
年减少5 084 km²。海冰密集度在1979—1996年无明显减少趋势, 1996—2015年减少趋势明显。波弗特海海
冰范围一般在9月达到最小值, 在11月至次年5月维持在最大值(全冰覆盖状态); 海冰面积一般在9月达到最
小值, 在12月或者1月达到最大值。海冰范围最小值出现时间有延迟的趋势, 全冰覆盖状态具有起始时间越
来越晚、终止时间越来越早、持续时间越来越短的趋势, 平均持续天数为212 d。

关键词: 波弗特海, 被动微波遥感, 海冰范围, 海冰密集度, 时空变化

Abstract:

Based on daily and monthly sea ice concentration data, obtained from the National Snow and Ice Data
Center, the 15% sea ice concentration limit in the Beaufort Sea was used as a threshold to determine the location
of the sea ice edge. After extracting the sea ice edge, we calculated the sea ice concentration, sea ice
extent, and sea ice area. We then analyzed the spatiotemporal variabilities and trends of the retreat of the ice
edge in the Beaufort Sea through interannual and seasonal changes. The results showed that sea ice concentration,
sea ice extent, and sea ice area in the Beaufort Sea during 1978–2015 all had significant trends of
reduction. During the study period, sea ice concentration decreased by an average of about 0.3%·a–1, sea ice
extent decreased by an average of 3 235 km2·a–1, and sea ice area decreased by an average of 5 084 km2·a–1.
Sea ice concentration during 1979–1996 showed no significant trend of decrease, although a trend of reduction
was evident during 1996–2015. The sea ice extent in the Beaufort Sea is at its maximum between November
and May (full ice coverage) and at its minimum in September. The sea ice area reaches its minimum
in September and its maximum in December or January. The time of minimum sea ice extent appears to have
become delayed. The state of total ice cover has tended to begin later, end earlier, and its duration (average:
212 d) has become shorter.

Key words: Beaufort Sea, passive microwave remote sensing, sea ice extent, sea ice concentration, spatiotemporal variability