极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 69-83.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20180033

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于OSI-SAF微波遥感数据的北极一年冰和多年冰研究

满富康1  夏文韬1  张杰2  柯长青1   

  1. 1南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 江苏 南京 210023;
    2自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 山东 青岛 266061
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-24 修回日期:2018-08-08 出版日期:2019-03-30 发布日期:2019-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 柯长青
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1407200, 2018YFC1407203)资助

Investigation of Arctic first-year and multi-year sea ice based on OSI-SAF microwave remote sensing data

Man Fukang1, Xia Wentao1, Zhang Jie2, Ke Changqing1   

  • Received:2018-05-24 Revised:2018-08-08 Online:2019-03-30 Published:2019-03-30

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摘要：

基于2005年10月—2017年4月OSI?SAF逐日海冰类型和海冰密集度数据, 分析了北极一年冰和多年冰变化的时空特征。结果表明每年10月至次年4月的生长期内, 一年冰在10—12月增长较快, 范围和面积的增加速度分别为1.87?106 km2·month–1和1.77?106 km2·month–1; 1—3月增速放缓, 范围和面积的增加速度为0.50?106 km2·month–1和0.43?106 km2·month–1; 3—4月范围和面积变化速度为–0.38?106 km2·month–1和–0.24?106 km2·month–1。多年冰的范围和面积在不同年份的生长期内有不同变化, 没有一致的季节性。8个海区的海冰范围变化特征有一定的差异, 北冰洋核心区在多年冰变化中占主导作用。一年冰在生长期内逐渐向北冰洋以南生长, 多年冰主要分布在格陵兰岛和加拿大群岛以北的北冰洋中心海域。每年10月、11月海冰总体范围与该月前6个月北极平均气温显著负相关。每年3月、4月一年冰范围与该月前6个月平均气温也显著负相关。多年冰范围与北极月平均气温没有显著相关性。

关键词: 北极, 一年冰, 多年冰, 海冰范围, 海冰面积

Abstract:

Based on the OSI-SAF daily Arctic sea ice type and concentration data from October 2005 to April 2017, the spatial-temporal characteristics of the changes in first-year ice (FYI) and multi-year ice (MYI) in the Arctic were analyzed. A result of this research was that the multi-year mean sea ice growth rate of FYI was faster during October to December of each growth period, with a mean rate of 1.87?106 and 1.77?106 km2·month–1, for sea ice extent and area, respectively. The growth rate was slower from January to March of each growth period, with a mean growth rate of 0.50?106 and 0.43?106 km2·month-1, respectively. The FYI decreased from March to April, with a mean rate of –0.38?106 and –0.24?106 km2·month-1, respectively. The extent/area of the MYI varied during the different growth periods, with no identical pattern observed in the MYI extent/area time series. The variation characteristics of the sea ice extent in eight sea areas were different, and the Arctic Ocean core region played a leading role in the change in the Arctic MYI. During the growth period, the FYI grew to the south of the Arctic Ocean, and the MYI was mostly distributed in the center of the Arctic. The overall sea ice extent in October and November had significant negative correlations (significance level at 0.05) with the average Arctic air temperature of the last six months. The FYI extent in March and April also had significant negative correlations with the average temperature of the last six months (significance level at 0.05). There were no significant correlations between the MYI extent and monthly mean air temperature in the Arctic.

Key words: Arctic, first-year ice, multi-year ice, sea ice extent, sea ice area