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    30 June 2000, Volume 12 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    ENRICHMENT AND MIGRATION OF MAIN ELEMENTS IN SEVERAL SOIL PROFILES ON FILDES PENINSULA, THE MARITIME ANTARCTIC
    2000, 12 (2):  81-96. 
    Abstract ( 1435 )   PDF (443KB) ( 1546 )  

    Behaviors of 9 chemical elements Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, K, Na, P within three soil profiles respectively representative of Dystri gelic Cambisol, Fibri gelic Histosol, Relic Ornithosol and their enrichment and migration in the soil horizons were quantitatively demonstrated by the method of the enrichment coefficient analysis. The results obtained suggest that enrichment and migration of elements differ greatly within profiles of three soil types on Fildes Peninsula. Some elements become intensively enriched within some soils while they get strongly lost from other profiles. It is believed that biological factors play an important role in the enrichment of several elements within some soil profiles. And, as a result of the occurrence of surface and soil water during the three month austral summer, evident percolation and leaching movement cause significant difference in abundance levels of a certain element between different depths. For a better understanding of pedochemistry of the studied elements, the concept of redistributing enrichment coefficient was employed to illustrate the element redistribution between soil and clay fraction along with soil development.

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    COMMUNITY ECOLOGY OF ZOOPLANKTON IN PRYDZ BAY Ⅰ.DISTRIBUTION AND STRUCTURE
    2000, 12 (2):  89-96. 
    Abstract ( 1361 )   PDF (200KB) ( 1339 )  

    Community, as a structure connecting ecosystem and individuals, is considered an important part of ecology. Different species and development stages in the research were used in our classification to the sampling stations with clustering analysis and multi dimension scaling, through which three geographic communities were illuminated: Salp community dominated by Salp thompni in northern area; Near shore community dominated by Euphausia crystallorophias in the south; and Krill community located between the two communities above. Indicator species method was then used between each two communities to find out which species or stages differ most. Results show: Rhincalanus gigas , adult Cheatognath, late stages of Metridia gerlachei and calyptopis of Euphausiidae are indicators between Salp and Near shore community; between Krill and Salp community the indicators are Salp thompni , adult and larvae of cheatognath and R.gigas ; the most notable indicator between Krill and Near shore community was E. crystallorophias, then nuaplii of Euphausiidae and Onceae conifera .

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    GRAZING OF SALPA THOMPSONI ON PHYTOPLANKTON IN SUMMER IN THE PRYDZ BAY,ANTARCTICA
    2000, 12 (2):  97-104. 
    Abstract ( 1564 )   PDF (388KB) ( 1354 )  

    Abstract During the CHINARE XV cruise in austral summer of 1998/1999, the abundance and feeding activity of salpa thompsoni were estimated in the Prydz Bay region. Salps samples were collected by vertical tows from 200m to the surface with a conical net of 330μm mesh size. At Ⅳ 3 station, the grazing rates were estimated by the gut fluorescence method and culture experiments. S.Thompsoni mainly distributed in the northern part of the survey area, and its maximum densities was reached to 2795ind. 1000m -3 . A dramatic decrease in salp stock was observed at the marginal ICE Zone. The results of the feeding experiments at the Ⅳ 3 showed: The gut pigments levels of S. Thompsoni was 0.14-1.27μg·ind. -1 (average 0.98μg·ind. -1 ). The individual ingestion rate was 7.9μg(chla)ind. -1 d -1 , and the filtration rate was 28 l·ind. -1 ·d -1 . Through the daily grazing rate of S. Thompsoni was less than 1% of the phytoplankton standing stock, it showed a grazing impress on the primary production (72.2%). [WT5HZ]

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    THE LAKE SEDIMENT OF ARDLEY ISLAND, ANTARCTICA: IDENTIFICATION OF PENGUIN-DROPPING AMENDED SOIL
    2000, 12 (2):  105-112. 
    Abstract ( 1641 )   PDF (389KB) ( 1870 )  

    WT5BZ] During CHINARE 15 (12/98-03/99), a 67.5cm lake core had been sampled in Y2 Lake, located in Ardley Island,Antarctica. The concentration of some chemical elements had been analyzed. According to comparative research on elementary character for sediment of Antarctic West Lake, fresh penguin dropping as well as guano soil of Ardley Peninsula and Pacific Island in South China Sea, it presents that the Y2 Lake sediment had been amended by penguin dropping. The result of element cluster analysis shows that the elementary characteristic group for this guano soil includes P、S、Sr、Ba、Cu、Zn、Se、Ca and F, respectively. This provides the base for further interpreting the climatic and environmental event recorded in the sediment.

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    STUDIES ON THE COD_(Mn) OF LAKE WATERS,ICE AND SNOW IN ZHONGSHAN STATION AND ITS ADJACENT AREA, ANTARCTICA
    2000, 12 (2):  113-122. 
    Abstract ( 1307 )   PDF (395KB) ( 1050 )  

    WT5BZ]During the CHINARE 15, lake waters,ice and snow had been sampled in the Zhongshan Station and its adjacent area, Antarctica. Compared with Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water(China,GB3838 88),their COD Mn had been divided into three groups. Many of them (about 56%) are under the first type of quality standard, and the other are under the second and the third type,37% and 7%, respectively. The most important factor affecting the values of COD Mn was natural source, and the pollution coming from the human activity was not serious. The values of COD Mn for lake water showed the situation of biological growth, the content of organic substance, salinity and the extent of oxidation and reduction for water. On the other hand, the COD Mn of fresh snow is the index of the atmospheric pollution for this area.

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    PROPAGATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE Pc3 FREQUENCY RANGE PULSATION IN THE CUSP LATITUDES
    2000, 12 (2):  121-128. 
    Abstract ( 1214 )   PDF (341KB) ( 1432 )  

    WT5BZ] Two induction magnetometers have been installed at Zhongshan and Davis Stations, Antarctica respectively. We adopt with cross spectral analysis technique to analyze the data of the two induction magnetometers, in June, September, December 1996 and March 1997, to investigate the Pc3 frequency range pulsation occurrence and propagation characteristics in the cusp latitudes. The results are summarized as following: At Zhongshan Davis Station, the Pc3 frequency range pulsation occurs mainly around the local noon/ local magnetic noon and local magnetic midnight respectively. In daytime, the pulsation has a seasonal variation in amplitude, occurrence and temporal range, all of them are smallest in winter. But in nighttime, the pulsation has no such a variation. The pulsation amplitude is much larger in nighttime than in daytime all over the year. The pulsation propagating direction is mainly western in daytime and irregularly in nighttime. It can be thought that the different sources of the pulsation and the ionospheric electric conductivity are mainly responsible for these characteristics.

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    ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE AND WIND FIELD AT GREAT WALL STATION,ANTARCTICA
    2000, 12 (2):  129-136. 
    Abstract ( 1441 )   PDF (439KB) ( 1436 )  

    WT5BZ] Based on the ten year(1985-1996) observational data and the facsimile charts from Chinese Antarctic Great Wall Station. The pressure and wind fields were separated into summer season(January-June) and winter season(July-December),and then analyzed synoptically. The characteristics of these fields monthly and annual variations were pointed with the corresponding synoptic situations. This result will be helpful in the future synoptic meteorology and climatology research.

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    METEORITES COLLECTION IN THE GROVE MOUNTAINS
    2000, 12 (2):  137-142. 
    Abstract ( 1513 )   PDF (266KB) ( 1552 )  

    Chinese Antarctic Scientific Expedition (CHINARE) has been to the Grove Mountains, East Antarctica twice from 1998 to 2000. Meteorites search and collection was one of its major missions. A total of 32 samples were recovered. On the basis of the distribution area, density as well as the diversity of the petrographic, mineralogic and chemical characteristics, we regard the Escarpment zone in the Grove Mountains as a new meteorites enrichment area.

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    RETRIEVAL METHODS OF AAR CD-ROM AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF POLAR LITERATURES
    2000, 12 (2):  143-156. 
    Abstract ( 1428 )   PDF (577KB) ( 1388 )  

    WT5BZ] Abstracts AAR (Arctic and Antarctic Regions) CD ROM and its retrieval methods are briefly introduced. After analysing the literature quantities of Polar science, Polar key subjects during the different times from 1700 till 1997, we carefully draw the following conclusions. From 1703 till 1890's, the quantity of Polar literature is very small. Around 1900, the quantity went up dramatically, then it kept at a bit low level. After IGY (International Geography Year) of 1957 to 1958, a rapid progress happened in Antarctic research, so did it in Arctic field after 1970's. The trend continues for decades. Literature quantity of Polar glaciology is the largest. Literature quantity of Polar oceanography, Polar geology and Polar biology is also very large. Polar research of astronomy, meteorology, geology and biology is conducted mainly in the Antarctic region. Polar research of oceanography, resource and environment has the priority in the Arctic. Research on Polar environment and information science develops at the fastest speed. Research of Polar glaciology is conducted across other subjects, and some new subjects come out, which can be universally found in other Polar fields. AAR CD ROM and its retrieval methods are briefly evaluated.

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