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30 June 2001, Volume 13 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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SEA LEVEL CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EVOLUTION OF COASTAL LAKES IN VESTFOLD HILLS,ANTARCTICA 2001, 13 (2):  69-82.  Abstract ( 1410 )   PDF (401KB) ( 1299 )   Ecological and palaeoecological studies were carried out in coastal lakes and adjacent areas in the Vestfold Hills (VH,68°38′S,78°06′E) at the Antarctic continent. Dynamics features of environmental geomorphology and physic chemical,the types of biological structures as well in those different lakes were analyzed. Marine macrofossils collected from terraces surrounding these lakes have radiocarbon ages from the Late Pleistocene were used for representing of evolutionary processes and models of the lakes after sea level changes and transgressions since 18000BP. It could be regarded as not only the history of environmental and ecological changes in VH coastal lakes,and also the reflection of local environmental change in Antarctic region and global climate changes in present time. Related Articles | Metrics

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CONTRAST BETWEEN NITROUS OXIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN ANTARCTIC FILDES PENINSULA IN 1999 AND 2000 SUMMERS 2001, 13 (2):  83-90.  Abstract ( 1385 )   PDF (218KB) ( 1348 )   Atmospheric N 2O concentrations at different sites were measured on Antarctic Fildes Peninsula in 1999 and 2000 summers. The characters of seasonal changes of N 2O concentrations were also analyzed. The average of N 2O concentrations in the areas covered by moss was ((310.7±4.4)×10 -9 ) in 2000 summer,11×10 -9 lower than that in 1999 summer ((321.9±3.3)×10 -9 ); In addition,the changes of N 2O concentrations at penguin beach of Ardely Island and sand dam were consistent with those in the areas covered by moss and the averages of their N 2O concentrations were (312.4±5.1)×10 -9 and (312.7±5.3)×10 -9 ,respectively,9×10 -9 lower than that of the areas covered by moss in 1999 summer. The atmospheric N 2O concentrations at different sites in 2000 summer were universally lower than those in 1999 summer,but the whole variable rules were similar. N 2O concentrations at the scientific research stations were higher than those in remote areas,but N 2O concentrations in penguin habitats were exceptionally higher than those at the scientific research stations,which showed that anthropogenic sources ,penguins and their droppings were the sources for atmospheric N 2O. The reasons why N 2O concentrations abnormally fell down were also discussed in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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GEOCHEMISTRY OF RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN THE STUDY OF CLIMATIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN BARROW, ARCTIC ALASKA 2001, 13 (2):  91-106.  Abstract ( 1231 )   PDF (698KB) ( 1384 )   Geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements (REE) and sedimentary features were studied in the borehole 96 7 1 from Elson Lagoon in Barrow, Arctic Alaska. The results showed that total contents of REE(∑REE) are lower, suggesting physical weathering dominates, therefore, concentrations of rare earth elements are lower in the paleosedimentary environment. The chondrite normalized distribution patterns of REEs are characterized by light REE(LREE) enrichment and Eu depletion with terrestrial sedimentary rocks as the parent materials. In a comparison with the borecore AB-67 in Elson Lagoon, the main conclusion for climatic and environmental changes are similar: before 1740 AD, it was cold and dry with terrestrial properties, but comparatively warm around 1550 AD; after 1740 AD, it was fluctuatedly warm, and markedly warm after 1821 AD; a cold period appeared around 1890 AD; from 1904 to 1996 AD, it was continuously warm, but relatively cold around 1971 AD. Related Articles | Metrics

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ECOLOGY OF ZOOPLANKTON IN THE CHUKCHI SEA IN SUMMER 2001, 13 (2):  107-116.  Abstract ( 1470 )   PDF (228KB) ( 1107 )   According to comprehensive oceanographic survey zooplanktonic data were obtained in the Chukchi Sea (66°00′-75°25′N,153°36′-174°59′W) during the period from July to August 1999. The diversity of the species, ecological group and community construction were analyzed. The geographical locations, ecological characteristics and dominant species of the community habitats,the horizontal and vertical distribution of the total biomass and percentage of the major taxa of zooplankton in the zone in summer were described. The interrelation of the distribution characteristics with the environmental factors was discussed. A comparison of species diversity and biomass of this area with that of related sea areas was made. It shows that 4 ecological groups of 84 recorded zooplankton species coexisted in this area with quite different compositions, i.e. they formed 3 communities of different ecological properties in areas in the south and north of 70°N latitude and in deep waters in the northeast. The pattern of distribution is associated with the status of currents and water masses in the areas. It showed that total biomass was lower in the deep waters and higher in the shallow waters, particularly in the south end of the latter, by horizontal distribution. The vertical distribution of species richness showed lower in upper water layers and it increased downwards to the depth of 500m and slightly decreased in layers from 800 to 500m during the dust. The biomass appeared high in water layers in depth less than 200m, particularly in depth of 50-0m, and it decreased in depth beyond 200m. Zooplankton biomass with low value of species diversity was rather high in comparison with the biomass in water of the low and middle latitude. Besides, the vertical distribution of zooplankton diversity was quite different from that in the tropical region. Related Articles | Metrics

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THE STUDY OF REMOTE SENSING ON MONITORING ICE VELOCITIES OF THE POLAR RECORD GLACIER AND THE DARK GLACIER 2001, 13 (2):  117-128.  Abstract ( 1363 )   PDF (711KB) ( 1165 )   The measurement of ice velocities of the Antarctic glaciers is very significant to the study on the Antarctic ice and snow mass balance, the Antarctic environment change and its influence on the global environment. This paper discusses the principles and methods of monitoring the glacial changes by means of multi temporal satellite images of remote sensing. After performing the geometric rectification, registration and overlay processing on different temporal remotely sensed images in the Ingrid Christensen Coast, it measures and calculates the average ice velocities of the Polar Record Glacier and the Dark Glacier. Besides, it preliminarily analyzes and evaluates their changing characteristics. Related Articles | Metrics

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AN ANALYSIS ON THE RESULTS FOR THE GPS POINTS ALONG THE CHINESE ANTARCTIC INLAND TRAVERSE ROUTE 2001, 13 (2):  129-136.  Abstract ( 1474 )   PDF (467KB) ( 1525 )   The route from Zhongshan Station to Dome A is one of the most important expedition routes of the ITASE project. China carried out 3 inland traverses during the 1996/1997, 1997/1998, 1998/1999 Antarctic summer seasons respectively. Some GPS points were set up,surveyed and resurveyed along the traverse route. The results for the GPS data processing indicate that the ice flows with an 8-24m/a velocity to the northwest, that is to say to the foot of the Lambert Glacier. Moreover, the nearer to the edge of the ice sheet, the faster the flow is. The maximum flow velocity is about 100m/a. Finally, due to the ice flow, a 0.2-1m/a sedimentation rate for the GPS points is achieved. Related Articles | Metrics

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PRELIMINARY STUDY ON BUILDING ANTARCTIC STATION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 2001, 13 (2):  137-150.  Abstract ( 1262 )   PDF (693KB) ( 1176 )   Antarctic environmental management is necessary to protect Antarctic environment and keep the sustainable utilization of resources in Antarctic. At the same time the application of information technique in the Antarctic environmental management will promote its development greatly. Based on the comprehension of status of Antarctic environment and Antarctic environmental management as well as of the characters of human activities in the Antarctic investigation stations' area, Antarctic Stations Environmental Management Information System(ASEMIS) is built. With the help of ASEMIS managers can manage, simulate and utilize the information about Antarctic stations' environment and of human activities within the Antarctic station area, which can make the environmental management more scientific and efficient. Related Articles | Metrics