Abstract:

The variations and trends of monthly, seasonal and annual mean precipitation and wind as well pressure and cloud amount are presented by surface meteorological observation data from the Greatwall station(GW) and Zhongshan station(ZS) at the Antractic. The annual mean precipitation is 503mm and its interannual variation trend is negative(-27mm/10a) at GW. The variation rates of annual precipitation days at GW and ZS are -2.9d/10a and -12.1d/10a separately. The annual mean of humidity at GW and ZS is 88% and 58% separately. Its interannual variation trend is less different and less significant at the both station. The prevailing wind is northwest direction at GW and eastern direction at ZS. The annual mean of wind speed is 7.3 m/s and 7.1 m/s as well their variation trend is -0.09m/s/10a and -0.23m/s/10a separately for GW and ZS. The annual mean days of strong wind is 137d and recorded maximum wind speed is 37.2 m/s at GW, and 159d and recorded maximum wind speed is 50.3 m/s at ZS. The annual mean of pressure is 88% and 58%, and the variation rate is 0.65 hPa/10a and -0.80hPa/10a separately at GW and ZS. The trends is opposite and similar the pattern with wind and strong wind days and precipitation days at both station. The annual mean of cloud amount is 8.8和6.2 separately at GW and ZS. Its difference shows that both station located in the different climate zone.

Key words: Key words: Antarctic Greatwall station, Antarctic Zhongshan station, surface meteorological observation, climate characteristic