Abstract:

The observation of phenomena in the polar upper atmosphere has a long history.It is the development of investigation in the field of the ionosphere,geomagnetic field and auroral phenomena in polar region, that extends the scope of geophysical research to extra terrestrial Space and thus introduces a new important subject, the solar wind magnetosphere ionosphere thermosphere coupling for further study. The sounding rockets and satellites have made a great contribution to confirmation of the Coupling mechanism, meanwhile the coherent and incoherent scatter radars, as well as the ionosondes and geomagnetic stations,which locate around all over the world and have observed records in long term, should not be neglected. The distributions and variations of the convection electric field,the region l and region 2 field aligned currents, the ionospheric disturbance current system including the auroral electrojet,and ionospheric conductivity all together compose a self consistent organic whole. The theoretical study and model calculation are very worthy for further understanding the relative importance of each single link in this system and their mutual relation and interaction.