Spatial distribution and source of metals in surface soils of the forelands of the Austre Lovénbreen and Pedersenbreen Glaciers, Svalbard, Arctic

doi:10.13679/j.jdyj.20180064

Abstract

Abstract:

Svalbard, an Arctic archipelago, is an important area for research aimed at clarifying the effects of human activities on the global ecological environment. We collected surface soils in the forelands of the Austre Lovénbreen and Pedersenbreen glaciers, to investigate the content and distribution characteristics of several metals (Ni, Pb, V, Cu, Zn, Mn, Al and Fe) in the soil, and the possible sources of these metals. The average content of metals in surface soils at Austre Lovénbreen increased in the order of Cu<Pb<Ni<V<Zn<Mn< Al<Fe, and at Pedersenbreen they increased in the order of Ni<Pb<V<Cu<Zn<Mn<Al<Fe. The coefficients of variation of metals in surface soils of the forelands at Austre Lovénbreen and Pedersenbreen glaciers were 0.13–0.45 and 0.12–0.98, respectively. The average concentrations of Ni, Pb, V, Mn, Al and Fe at Austre Lovénbreen were similar to those at Pedersenbreen, but the average contents of Cu and Zn at the latter glacier were much higher. The high Pb enrichment factor for soil sampled from Pedersenbreen was close to that found in areas of human activity. Principal component analysis showed that Ni, V, Al and Fe in the surface soils of both glacier forelands were mainly associated with parent-rock weathering, whereas Mn likely originated from parent-rock weathering and human emissions. The results also indicated that Pb in the surface soils at Austre Lovénbreen derived from parent-rock weathering, while at Pedersenbreen Pb derived from parent-rock weathering and was augmented by human activities; Cu and Zn in surface soils at Austre Lovénbreen likely originated from parent-rock weathering, while at Pedersenbreen those metals may have originated from elemental fractionation during parent-rock weathering and the transport process.

Key words: Arctic, glacier, soil, metal, enrichment factor, principal component, source

Wang Danhe, Ma Hongmei, Lin Jianwei. Spatial distribution and source of metals in surface soils of the forelands of the Austre Lovénbreen and Pedersenbreen Glaciers, Svalbard, Arctic[J]. , 2019, 31(2): 157-167.

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