极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 45-55.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20180018

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

澳洲南部海域二甲基硫海气通量的分布及预测

姜丽梅1  瞿波2   

  1. 1崇川学校, 江苏 南通 226000;
    2南通大学理学院, 江苏 南通  226019
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-30 修回日期:2018-05-14 出版日期:2019-03-30 发布日期:2019-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 姜丽梅
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(41276097)资助

Distribution and prediction of dimethyl sulfur sea-air flux in south Australian

Jiang Limei1, Qu Bo2   

  1. 1. NANTONG CHONG CHUAN SCHOOL
    2. Nantong University, Science Faculty
  • Received:2018-03-30 Revised:2018-05-14 Online:2019-03-30 Published:2019-03-30

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摘要：

海洋生物二甲基硫(DMS)的海气通量能改变云层的变化和区域的太阳辐射量, 降低地球表面的温度, 而极地的大量融冰导致DMS海气通量(DMS flux)对气候的影响更明显。文章中研究了2012—2014年亚南极几乎无冰的澳洲南部海域(40°S—60°S, 110°E—140°E)环境数据(包括: 风速、云盖、海表温度、叶绿素、冰盖和混合层深度)的区域分布和年际变化。继而用遗传算法校准DMS模型的参数, 得到DMS浓度和DMS flux在研究区域的分布。最后用耦合模型相互比较项目(CMIP5)试验预测未来(大约2100年)在四倍二氧化碳环境下的DMS flux, 并与当代(2012—2014年)一倍二氧化碳的情形作比较。研究结果显示: 四倍二氧化碳情形下的海表温度、云盖和风速分别上升了0.9%、5.6%和12.3%, 混合层深度下降了41.0%; 海气传输速度的增加率为58.8%, 由于很少的融冰, DMS flux只增加了9.4%, 因此, DMS flux的增加速度远比不上南北极。研究结果表明, 亚南极几乎无冰的澳洲南部海域的DMS对减弱温室效应的作用不明显。

关键词: 亚南极, 二甲基硫浓度, 二甲基硫海气通量, 遗传算法, 叶绿素

Abstract:

The sea-to-air flux of marine biological dimethylsulfuide (DMS) can have an effect on cloud condensation and regional solar radiation, hence reducing the global surface temperature. Meanwhile, the DMS flux influence on climate cooling is more obvious because of a large quantity of melting ice in the polar region. This paper studied the distributions and annual variations of wind speed (WIND), cloud cover (CLOUD), sea surface temperatures (SST), chlorophyll (CHL), and mixed layer depth (MLD) in the Subantarctic nearly ice-free region (South Australia) (40°S—60°S, 110°E—140°E) for the years 2012—2014. A genetic algorithm technique was used to calibrate the main parameters in the DMS model. Simulation and analysis of the sea-air flux was also conducted. Finally, we used the CMIP5 (5th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project) to predict changes in the DMS flux for 4×CO2 (year 2100), compared with 1×CO2 (the contemporary case for the years 2012—2014). The results show that the increased rates of 4×CO2 for SST, CLOUD, and WIND were 0.9, 5.6, and 12.3%, respectively. However, the MLD reduced rate was 41.0% and the increased rate of transfer velocity (kw) was 58.8%. Because of the distinction of the melting ice, the DMS flux increased by only 9.4%. Therefore, the increased rate of the DMS flux is far less than the Polar Regions. The research results show that DMS has less effect on the greenhouse conditions in the Subantarctic nearly ice-free region (South Australia).

Key words: Subantarctic, Dimethylsulfide (DMS), DMS sea-air flux, genetic algorithms, Chlorophyll (CHL)