极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 98-107.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1084.2011.00098

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国第26次南极科学考察航线上空水溶性气溶胶化学成分特征研究

徐国杰1,2 陈立奇1,2 张远辉1,2 汪建君1,2 李伟1,2

  1. 1国家海洋局海洋-大气化学与全球变化重点实验室；

    2国家海洋局第三海洋研究所

  • 收稿日期:2010-12-30 修回日期:2011-02-21 出版日期:2011-06-30 发布日期:2011-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 陈立奇
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目“南极中山站大气铅污染的同位素示踪研究”;国家社会公益专项“台湾海峡大气污染物的输入及海洋生态效应”（;国际科技合作项目“中美海洋碳循环研究和海水加铁试验技术”

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS OF MARINE AEROSOLS COLLECTED ON THE ROUTE OF THE 26th CHINESE NATIONAL ANTARCTIC RESEARCH EXPEDITION

  1. 1 Key laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry, SOA, Xiamen 361005, China;
    2 Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen 361005, China
  • Received:2010-12-30 Revised:2011-02-21 Online:2011-06-30 Published:2011-06-30
  • Contact: Liqi Chen

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被引次数

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摘要：

利用第26次南极考察雪龙船航线上空所采集到的气溶胶样品，分析了各离子组分的浓度、组成及存在形式.。采用多种数理统计方法对各离子成分特征及其来源进行了分析。结果显示：阴阳离子总和接近于1，表明主要阴阳离子具有航线上空海洋气溶胶的代表性；Cl-、Na+、SO42-、NO3-、Mg2+是航线上最主要的离子组分，其中（ Na+ + Cl- ）的贡献超过70%，说明海盐颗粒物仍然是海洋大气气溶胶的最主要成分，其次为硫酸盐气溶胶；对于二次气溶胶各离子组分，其可能存在的形式为NH4NO3、NH4HSO4、(NH4)2SO4。进一步计算发现海盐离子浓度在南纬40°以南出现高值，这可能与风速有关，而MSA的浓度由低纬向高纬呈现出升高的趋势，其浓度可能与气温以及南大洋海水藻类新陈代谢所释放硫化物有关。二次气溶胶NH4+以及NO3-浓度主要受到陆地距离输送的控制以及人类活动的影响。二次气溶胶nss-SO42-在开阔大洋及南极地区nss-SO42-的浓度均较低，而在大陆边缘海域nss-SO42-的浓度较高。航线上各可溶性离子来源特征是：Cl-、Br-、Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+主要来自海洋源，F-、NO3-、NH4+主要来自污染源，MSA主要来自海洋生物释放源，特别需要指出，SO42-同时受到海洋源和污染源的影响，这更加说明了区分开ss-SO42-与nss-SO42-的自然源和人为源对于生物地球化学气候评估模型的重要意义。

关键词: 南大洋

Abstract:

The various ions concentration, composition and existing form have been analyzed by the aerosol samplings collected during the 26th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition. The sources for all ions have been initially analyzed. The results showed that, the Cl-、Na+、SO42-、NO3-、Mg2+ were the uppermost ion components, and the (Na++Cl-) contributed to more than 70% for all ions, which showed that sea salt particle is the primary component of aerosols, and the secondary one is sulfate aerosol. We got the conclusion that the secondary aerosol of NH4+ existed as the form of NH4NO3、NH4HSO4、(NH4)2SO4 . According to the calculation, the anions and cations got a equilibrium relationship during the cruise, and the slope of linear regression was close to 1. The sea salt concentration got the peak at the south latitude of 40°S，and this may correlate with the wind speed ;And the MSA basically had the trend of increasing from the low latitude to high latitude, which may correlate with temperature and the summer emission of the algae in Southern Ocean; the secondary aerosol of NO3- and NH4+ were generally influenced by the distance from continental and the anthropogenic activity, while the nss-SO42- had low concentration at Open Ocean and Antarctic area, and the high concentration appeared at the adjacent sea. The sources of atmospheric soluble ions were distinguished from correlation analysis and factor analysis，it showed that Cl-、Br-、Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+ came mostly from marine sources, F-、NO3-、NH4+ mostly from authropogenic sources and MSA mostly from marine biogenic activity sources. SO42- was meanwhile influenced by marine sources and anthropogenic sources, so the separation of ss-SO42- and nss-SO42- was of great importance.

Key words: South Ocean