极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 203-210.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.2016.2.203

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2010年夏季白令海小型底栖动物丰度与生物量初步研究

黄丁勇,王建佳,林荣澄,田鹏,郑新庆   

  1. 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建 厦门 361005
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-09 修回日期:2015-10-26 出版日期:2016-06-30 发布日期:2016-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 林荣澄

Preliminary study on abundance and biomass of meiofauna in the Bering Sea in summer 2010

  • Received:2014-04-09 Revised:2015-10-26 Online:2016-06-30 Published:2016-06-30

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被引次数

5

摘要： 2010年7月12—18日, 中国第4次北极科考队在白令海以箱式或多管取样器采集7站位10 cm长度的表层沉积物芯样, 并在现场进行了分层处理。室内分析时共检出14个小型底栖动物类群：自由生活海洋线虫(free-living Nematoda)、底栖桡足类(Copepoda)、多毛类(Polycheata)、动吻类(Kinorhyncha)、端足类(Amphipoda)、双壳类(Bivalvia)、涟虫(Cumacea)、介形类(Ostracoda)、原足类(Tanaidacea)、腹足类(Gastropoda)、等足类(Isopoda)、海蛇尾(Ophiura)、缓步类(Tardigrada)以及其它类(Others)。平均丰度和平均生物量分别为2 658.89±2 452.86 ind/10 cm2和1 587.56±1 452.65 μg?dwt/10 cm2, 最高值皆出现在白令海北部陆架浅水区, 分别为7 135.12±429.43 ind/10 cm2和4 056.42±721.33 μg?dwt/10 cm2, 最低值皆出现在白令海盆西部深水区, 分别仅为56.04±39.38 ind/10 cm2和87.91±85.60 μg?dwt/10 cm2。线虫为丰度的最优势类群, 占平均丰度比例的94.81％, 桡足类为第二优势类群, 占3.60％。表层0—6 cm芯样的取样效率为93.44％。基于各站丰度的类群相似性分析, 浅水区与深水区的小型底栖动物群落的相似性系数仅为30.72%, 最大的差别在于深水区的丰度比浅水区小了一个数量级。白令海陆架浅水区比白令海盆深水区和中国海域具有明显更高的小型底栖动物丰度和生物量。Pearson相关性分析显示, 白令海小型底栖动物丰度和生物量与水深、营养盐及多个粒径参数呈负相关, 其中生物量对环境变化的响应可能比丰度更敏感。

关键词: 北极, 白令海, 小型底栖动物, 丰度, 生物量

Abstract: Surface sediments were collected from seven stations in the Bering Sea during the fourth Arctic Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in summer 2010. Fourteen groups of meiofauna were detected in 10-cm sediment cores: Nematoda, Copepoda, Polycheata, Kinorhyncha, Amphipoda, Bivalvia, Cumacea, Ostracoda, Tanaidacea, Gastropoda, Isopoda, Ophiura, Tardigrada, and others. The average abundance and biomass was 2658.89 ± 2452.86 ind·10 cm-2 and 1587.56 ± 1452.65 μg·dwt·10 cm-2, respectively. Maximum abundance and biomass of 7135.12 ± 429.43 ind·10 cm-2 and 4056.42 ± 721.33 μg·dwt·10 cm-2, respectively, was observed in shallow waters of the Bering shelf. Minimum abundance and biomass of 56.04 ± 39.38 ind·10 cm-2 and 87.91 ± 85.60 μg·dwt·10 cm-2, respectively, was observed in deep waters of the western Bering Sea basin. Nematoda accounted for 94.81% of average abundance, followed by Copepoda (3.60%), and 93.44% of meiofauna were found in the upper 6 cm of surface sediments. The similarity index between meiofauna communities in shallow and deep waters was only 30.72%. Abundance in deep waters was an order of magnitude lower than abundance in shallow waters. Abundance and biomass were higher in shallow waters of the Bering shelf than in shallow waters of the China Sea and deep waters of the western Bering Sea basin. Pearson correlations analysis between meiofauna and abiotic parameters indicated that abundance and biomass were negatively correlated with depth, sediment nutrient levels, and several diameter parameters. Meiofauna biomass may be more sensitive to environmental changes than abundance.

Key words: Anctic, Bering Sea, meiofauna, abundance, biomass