极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 351-363.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.2015.4.351

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

普里兹湾沿岸下降风特征分析

丁卓铭1 张林1 卞林根2 孙启振1   

  1. 1国家海洋环境预报中心，国家海洋局海洋灾害预报技术研究重点实验室，北京 100081；
    2中国气象科学研究院，北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-29 修回日期:2015-01-08 出版日期:2015-12-30 发布日期:2015-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 张林
  • 基金资助:

    南极下降风观测与数值模拟研究;南北极环境综合考察及资源潜力评估;南极普里兹湾中尺度气旋活动特征与空间结构研究

ANALYSIS OF KATABATIC WIND ON THE COAST OF PRYDZ BAY

Ding Zhuoming1, Zhang Lin1, Bian Lingen2, Sun Qizhen1   

  1. 1 National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting，Beijing 100081, China;
    2 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2014-05-29 Revised:2015-01-08 Online:2015-12-30 Published:2015-12-30

PDF (PC)

719

被引次数

9

摘要： 根据2008年南极中山站的臭氧气球探空观测和塔层自动气象站数据，以及同时期的再分析资料，分析下降风发生时的普里兹湾沿岸和东南极内陆地区的天气形势、中山站的边界层特征、气象要素的日变化规律。并利用对数风速廓线定律模拟中山站下降风，与实测值进行对比。个例研究表明，在晴朗的夜间或多云的白天，内陆地区冰面辐射冷却，导致气温降低，与普里兹湾沿岸地区的温度梯度大。此时内陆地区受高压控制，成为辐散中心，且高压的位置决定普里兹湾东岸和西岸的下降风强度。中山站的下降风出现在边界层低层，地面风速大，风向主要为东、东北东，导致强不稳定层结、气温和位温迅速降低。对数风廓线定律模拟中山站下降风的能力有限。

关键词: 南极中山站, 普里兹湾, 伊丽莎白公主地, 下降风, 探空廓线, 对数风廓线

Abstract: Basing on the sounding observation of Ozone ballon and tower data (organized by Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences) and reanalysis data(ECWMF, ERA Interim), we analysed the synoptic weather patterns in the region of Prydz Bay and in the interior of Eastern Antarctica, characteristics of boundary layer in Zhongshan Station, the daily changes of meteorological elements. We also simulated the katabatic winds by logarithmic profile theory and tower data, and compared the results with observation. Case studies showed on sunny nights or cloudy daytime, the surface radiation cooling in the interior of Antarctica caused temperature reducing, and the the horizonal gradient of surface temperature from there to Prydz Bay was large. Air of inland was anticyclonic and divergent. The position of anticyclone determined intensify of the Katabatic wind in western and eastern Prydz Bay. When katabatic wind reached Zhongshan Station, it happened in the bottom of boundary layer. The wind direction was constant, mainly east and east northeast, leading to unstable stratification, making air temperature and potential temperature drop rapidly. The simulating capacity of logarithmic profile theory was limited.

Key words: Zhongshan Station, Prydz Bay, Princess Elizabeth Land, katabatic wind, radio sounding profile, logarithmic profile