Variation characteristics of carbon monoxide and ozone over the course of the 2014 Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition

doi:10.13679/j.advps.2015.3.00249

Abstract

Abstract: The concentrations of carbon monoxide and ozone in the marine boundary layer were measured during the 6th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (from July to September, 2014). Carbon monoxide concentration ranged between 47.00 and 528.52 ppbv with an average of 103.59 ± 40.37 ppbv. A slight decrease with increasing latitude was observed, except for the extremely high values over the East China Sea which may be attributed to anthropogenic emissions. Ozone concentration ranged between 3.27 and 77.82 ppbv with an average of 29.46±10.48 ppbv. Ozone concentration decreased sharply with increasing latitude outside the Arctic Ocean (during both the northward and the southward course), while no significant variation was observed over the Arctic Ocean. The positive correlation between carbon monoxide and ozone in most sections suggests that the ozone in the marine boundary layer mainly originated from photochemical reactions involving carbon monoxide.

Key words: carbon monoxide, ozone, marine boundary layer, temporal and spatial variation

LI Bokun BIAN Lingen ZHENG Xiangdong DING Minghu XIE Zhouqing. Variation characteristics of carbon monoxide and ozone over the course of the 2014 Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition[J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, DOI: 10.13679/j.advps.2015.3.00249.

References

1 Daniel J S, Solomon S. On the climate forcing of carbon monoxide. J Geophys Res, 1998, 103(D11): 13249–13260
2 Seiler W, Junge C. Carbon monoxide in the atmosphere. J Geophys Res, 1970, 75(12): 2217–2226
3 Seiler W. The cycle of atmospheric CO. Tellus, 1974, 26(1-2): 116–135
4 Müller J F, Stavrakou T. Inversion of CO and NOx emissions using the adjoint of the IMAGES model. Atmos Chem Phys, 2005, 5(5): 1157–1186
5 Thompson A M. The oxidizing capacity of the Earth’s atmosphere: Probable past and future changes. Science, 1992, 256(5060): 1157–1165
6 Kanakidou M, Crutzen P J. The photochemical source of carbon monoxide: Importance, uncertainties and feedbacks. Chemos Global Change Sci, 1999, 1(1-3): 91–109
7 Novelli P C, Masarie K A, Lang P M. Distributions and recent changes of carbon monoxide in the lower troposphere. J Geophys Res, 1998, 103(D15): 19015–19033
8 Holloway T, Levy H I I, Kasibhatla P, et al. Global distribution of carbon monoxide. J Geophys Res, 2000, 105(D10): 12123–12147
9 Bian L G, Tang J, Lai X, et al. Monitoring carbon monoxide during 2008–2010 at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica. Acta Sci Circum, 2014, 34(2): 310–317 (in Chinese)
10 Yurganov L N, Grechko E I, Dzhola A V. Carbon monoxide and total ozone in Arctic and Antarctic regions: seasonal variations, long-term trends and relationships. Sci Total Environ, 1995, 160–161: 831–840
11 Yurganov L N. Seasonal cycles of carbon monoxide over the Arctic and Antarctic: total columns versus surface data. Atmos Res, 1997, 44(1–2): 223–230
12 Watanabe K, Nojiri Y, Kariya S. Measurements of ozone concentrations on a commercial vessel in the marine boundary layer over the northern North Pacific Ocean. J Geophys Res Atmos, 2005, 110(D11): D11310
13 Wang Y T, Bian L G, Ma Y F, et al. Surface ozone monitoring and background characteristics at Zhongshan Station over Antarctica. Chin Sci Bull, 2011, 56(10): 1011–1019
14 Bojkov R D, Fioletov V E. Estimating the global ozone characteristics during the last 30 years. J Geophys Res, 1995, 100(D8): 16537–16551
15 Johnson J E, Gammon R H, Larsen J, et al. Ozone in the marine boundary layer over the Pacific and Indian Oceans: Latitudinal gradients and diurnal cycles. J Geophys Res Atmos, 1990, 95(D8):
11847–11856
16 Park K, Rhee T S. Source characterization of carbon monoxide and ozone over the Northwestern Pacific in summer 2012. Atmos Environ, 2015, 111: 151–160
17 Zhang J K, Liu W, Han Y Y, et al. Progresses in influence of variations in stratospheric ozone on tropospheric climate. J Arid Meteor, 2014, 32(5): 685–693 (in Chinese)
18 Draxler R R. Evaluation of an ensemble dispersion calculation. J Appl Meteor, 2003, 42(2): 308–317
19 Draxler R R, Hess G D. An overview of the HYSPLIT 4 modelling system for trajectories, dispersion, and deposition. Aust Meteor Mag, 1998, 47: 295–308
20 Huang X, Huang X X, Wang T J, et al. Observation and analysis of urban upper atmospheric carbon monoxide in Nanjing. China Environ Sci, 2013,33(9): 1577–1584 (in Chinese)
21 Parrish D D, Holloway J S, Trainer M, et al. Export of North American ozone pollution to the north Atlantic Ocean. Science, 1993, 259(5100): 1436–1439
22 Harris J M, Dlugokencky E J, Oltmans S J, et al. An interpretation of trace gas correlations during Barrow, Alaska, winter dark periods, 1986–1997. J Geophys Res, 2000, 105(D13): 17267–17278
23 Chin M, Jacob D J, Munger J W, et al. Relationship of ozone and carbon monoxide over North America. J Geophys Res, 1994, 99(D7): 14565–14573
24 Parrish D D, Trainer M, Holloway J S, et al. Relationships between ozone and carbon monoxide at surface sites in the North Atlantic region. J Geophys Res, 1998, 103(D11): 13357–13376
25 Ding A J, Wang T, Xue L K, et al. Transport of north China air pollution by mid latitude cyclones: Case study of aircraft measurements in summer 2007. J Geophys Res, 2009, 114(D8):
D08304
26 Lee S, Feldstein S B. Detecting ozone- and greenhouse gas–driven wind trends with observational data. Science, 2013, 339(6119): 563–567

[1]	. Variation of Sea Ice in the Southern Ocean and Analysis of its Correlation with Typical Climate Change Factors During 1979—2013 [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2016, 28(4): 539-547.
[2]	LUO Yuhan SI Fuqi LIU Wenqing SUN Liguang LIU Yi. Observations of stratospheric ozone above Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic, 2010–2011 [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2015, 26(3-English): 256-263.
[3]	BIAN Lingen, ZOU Han, LIN Zhong, ZHANG Dongqi, Annette Rinke & Klaus Dethloff. Structure and seasonal changes in atmospheric boundary layer on coast of the east Antarctic continent [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2013, 24(3-English): 139-146.
[4]	CHEN Liqi. The role of the Arctic and Antarctic and their impact on global climate change: Further findings since the release of IPCC AR4, 2007 [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2013, 24(2-English): 79-85.
[5]	BIAN Lingen, LIN Zhong, ZHANG Dongqi, ZHENG Xiangdong & LU Longhua. Validation of total ozone data between satellite and ground-based measurements at Zhongshan and Syowa stations in Antarctica [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2012, 23(4-English): 196-203.
[6]	ZHANG Yan，WANG Weihe，LI Xiaojing，ZHANG Xingying，ZHENG Zhaojun，LIU Ruixia. Anomalously low ozone of 1997 and 2011 Arctic spring : Monitoring results and analysis [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2012, 23(2-English): 82-86.
[7]	LAI Xin, BIAN Lingen, LU Changgui & TANG Jie. Measurement and analysis of ozone,ultraviolet B and aerosol light scattering coefficient in the Arctic [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2011, 22(4-English): 260-265.
[8]	. MONITORING RESULTS AND ANALYSIS OF ANOMALOUSLY LOW OZONE IN THE 2011 ARCTIC SPRING [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2011, 23(4): 310-317.
[9]	LI Zheng, XU Sai-Qi, XIE Zhou-Qing. THE PRELIMINARY STUDY OF POLLEN OCCURRENCE IN THE MARINE BOUNDARY IN POLAR REGION [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2009, 21(2): 151-159.
[10]	Zhou Libo, Liu Yu, Zou Han. Vertical characteristics of ozone variation over the Arctic Chukchi Sea region in 1999 [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2002, 13(1-English): 75-82.
[11]	Zhou Xiuji, Lu Longhua, Bian Lingen, Jia Pengqun, Zhang Zhengqiu. Recent variations of Antarctic temperature, sea-ice and ozone [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 1999, 10(1-English): 1-9.
[12]	Guo Song, Zhou Xiuji, Lu Longhua, Zheng Xiangdong, Gao Xuejie. Measurement of NO₂ and analysis of relationship between stratospheric NO₂ and O₃ over Zhongshan Station, Antarctica [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 1997, 8(1-English): 48-55.
[13]	Sun Jinhui, Xia Qilin, Qiu Jinhuan, Lu Daren. The observations on Polar Stratospheric Clouds at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 1995, 6(2-English): 66-71.
[14]	Zhou Xiuji, Zheng Xiangdong, Lu Longhua, Guo Song. Ground-based measurements of column abundance of ozone and UV-B radiation over Zhongshan Station, Antarctica in the 1993 "Ozone Hole" [J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 1995, 6(1-English): 1-11.