极地研究

极地研究 ›› 1997, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (4): 5-15.

• 目次 • 上一篇    下一篇

太平洋西部、南大洋及东南极陆缘大气气溶胶来源及其物理化学特征

李天杰;曹俊忠;李金香   

  • 出版日期:1997-12-30 发布日期:1997-12-30

SOURCE AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AEROSOL IN WESTERN PACIFIC,SOUTHERN OCEAN AND THE FRINGE OF EAST ANTARCTICA

  • Online:1997-12-30 Published:1997-12-30

PDF (PC)

1612

被引次数

25

摘要：

１９９１年１２月～１９９２年１月，在中国第八次南极考察途中，用分级撞击式采样器采集了１３个气溶胶样品，用ＰＩＸＥ法分析了样品中的Ａｌ、Ｓｉ、Ｐ、Ｓ、Ｃｌ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｔｉ、Ｖ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｂｒ、Ｐｂ等１７种元素，并应用富集因子分析、相关分析和主因子分析，研究了气溶胶粒子中的元素组成、浓度粒度分布、气溶胶的地球化学类型、主要来源及其贡献。结果表明：研究区气溶胶中元素的来源、组成、浓度粒度分布具有明显的地理规律性；气溶胶的来源，如海洋气溶胶除主要来源于海水、受所在洋区及其周围环境的影响外，还受全球性和局地性大气环流的控制，如近岸大气明显受陆源（地壳源和人为源）传输的影响；该年内发生的菲律宾皮纳图博火山和智利哈得逊火山爆发，以及海湾地区的战争等突发事件，对研究区大气也产生了影响。

关键词: 气溶胶, 浓度－粒度分布, 元素组成, 因子分析, 太平洋, 南大洋, 东南极

Abstract:

Thirteen aerosol samples were taken by a 8grade cascade impacttype collector during the Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition from December,1991 to January,1992. These samples were analyzed by PIXE for 17 chemical elements,i.e. Al,Si,P,S,Cl,K,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,Br and Pb. The elemental composition, masssize distribution,geochemical classification of aerosols and the contribution from different sources were studied with the application of enrichment factor analysis,correlation analysis and main factor analysis.The results revealed that the elemental source, composition, masssize distribution of the aerosols in the studied area display a significant geographical pattern.Most of the marine aerosols originated from sea water and have been affected by the environment of the marine and its surrounding areas.They have also been influenced by regional and global atmospheric circulation with the nearcoast atmosphere significantly affected by continentoriginated materials transportation. The volcanic eruption in Philippine and at Hudson Volcano of Chile in that year as well as the Gulf War also exerted influences on the characteristics of aerosol in this area.