极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 319-321.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20240087

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

夏季阿蒙森海南极大磷虾资源密度分布与地理及环境要素的关系

杨嘉樑1,2,3  李帅1,2,3  黄洪亮1,2,3  赵国庆1,2,3  饶欣1,2,3  王紫一1,4  李灵智1,2,3   

  1. 1中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 上海 200090;
    2农业农村部远洋与极地渔业创新重点实验室, 上海 200090;
    3远洋与极地渔业资源开发利用创新团队, 上海 200090;
    4上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院, 上海 201306
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-09 修回日期:2025-03-19 出版日期:2026-09-30 发布日期:2026-10-22
  • 通讯作者: 李灵智
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划重点专项(2022YFC2807504)、中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2022QT03)和南极重点海域对气候变化的响应与影响(IRASCC2020-2024)资助

Relationship between the summer Antarctic krill resource density distribution in the Amundsen Sea and geographical and environmental factors

YANG Jialiang1,2,3, LI Shuai1,2,3, HUANG Hongliang1,2,3, ZHAO Guoqing1,2,3, RAO Xin1,2,3, WANG Ziyi1,4, LI Lingzhi1,2,3   

  1. 1East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;
    2Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200090, China;
    3Oceanic and Polar Fisheries Resource Development and Utilization Innovation Team, Shanghai 200090, China;
    4Shanghai Ocean University, College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management, Shanghai 201306, China
  • Received:2024-10-09 Revised:2025-03-19 Online:2026-09-30 Published:2026-10-22

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摘要： 基于2020年1月10日—2020年2月5日中国第36次南极考察在阿蒙森海的断面调查数据, 对阿蒙森海南极大磷虾(Euphausia superba)资源密度的空间分布及其与海洋环境的关系进行分析。结果表明: (1)调查海域内南极大磷虾的资源平均密度为6.36 g·m–2, 资源量约为5.35×106 t; (2)资源密度高值区域分布于海底深度为500~1000 m与3000~4000 m、距冰缘90 km范围以内、离岸距离为0~200 km及350~540 km的区域; (3)资源密度高值区域的环境特征要素分别为: 海表温度(SST)范围为–1.1~–0.7 ℃、0.1~0.3 ℃和0.7~1.5 ℃, 盐度范围为33‰~ 34‰, 叶绿素a浓度范围为1.8~2.2 μg·L–1、2.6~3.0 μg·L–1、3.0~3.4 μg·L–1、3.8~4.2 μg·L–1和5.4~5.8 μg·L–1; (4)南极大磷虾资源密度与所在区域的纬度、海底深度、离岸距离及离冰缘距离呈显著负相关(P<0.01), 与SST呈显著正相关(P<0.01); (5)阿蒙森海南极大磷虾资源密度与盐度及叶绿素a浓度的相关性较弱。

关键词: 阿蒙森海, 南极大磷虾, 资源密度, 地理要素, 环境要素

Abstract:

This study used transect survey data from the 36th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition in the Amundsen Sea to assess the spatial distribution of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) resource density and its relationship with environmental factors between 10th January and 5th February 2020. The key findings were: (1) the average density of Antarctic krill in the survey area was 6.36 g·m–2, with an estimated total resource volume of 5.35×106 t; (2) high-density areas of Antarctic krill in the Amundsen Sea were characterized by seabed depths of 500~1000 m and 3000~4000 m, proximity to the ice edge within 90 km, and offshore distances of 0~200 km and 350~540 km; (3) the environmental features of these high-density areas included sea surface temperature ranges of –1.1~–0.7 ℃, 0.1°~0.3 ℃, and 0.7~1.5 ℃; salinity levels between 33‰ and 34‰; and chlorophyll a concentrations of 1.8~2.2 μg·L–1, 2.6~3.0 μg·L–1, 3.0~3.4 μg·L–1, 3.8~4.2 μg·L–1, and 5.4~5.8 μg·L–1; (4) Antarctic krill density was strongly negatively correlated with latitude, seabed depth, offshore distance, and distance from the ice edge (P<0.01), but was positively correlated with sea surface temperature (P<0.01); (5) the distribution of Antarctic krill in the Amundsen Sea showed weak correlations with salinity and chlorophyll a concentration.


Key words: Amundsen Sea, Antarctic krill, resource density, geographic factors, environmental factors