关键词: 南极, 搜救, 实质性存在

Abstract:

With the increase of various activities in Antarctic, such as scientific research, tourism, and fishing, the
questions of how best to avoid and reduce emergency cases and to improve rescue activities have become of
great importance. IMO and ICAO divide the globe based on search and rescue plans, the five countries
nearest Antarctica (Australia, New Zealand, Chile, Argentina, and South Africa) have developed Antarctic
search and rescue system. The search and rescue responsibilities of states are governed by the standards and
recommended practices contained in 4 conventions. Based on five countries’ own search and rescue systems
and extensive international cooperation, this system has been working successfully and contributing. Under
the current framework of the Antarctic Treaty System, it is important to note that search and rescue activities
in Antarctica will contribute substantially to Antarctic security. Besides, increasing participation in Antarctic
activities will also definitely expand the presence of the relevant countries in Antarctica. As one of the main
participants in Antarctic activities, China has important regional interests. Therefore, it is necessary for
China to strengthen its presence and influence in Antarctica via increasing its participation in Antarctic
search and rescue activities as well as updating relative equipment and abilities.

Key words: Antarctica, search and rescue, countries&rsquo, substantial existence