极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 338-348.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.2017.3.338

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

加拿大海盆夏季冰区细菌和原生生物群落特性分析

张灿1,2,  何剑锋2, 黄涛1, 林凌2, 曹叔楠2, 张芳2   

  1. 1. 中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院, 安徽 合肥 230026
    2. 中国极地研究中心, 国家海洋局极地科学重点实验室, 上海200136
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-26 修回日期:2016-05-30 出版日期:2017-09-30 发布日期:2017-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 何剑锋
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(41476168, 4206189)、南北极环境综合考察与评估专项(CHINARE2011- 2015)和海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105022)资助

Characteristics of bacterial and protist communities in the summer pack ice zone of Canada Basin, Antarctica

Zhang Can1,2, He Jianfeng2, Huang Tao1, Lin Ling2, Cao Shunan2, Zhang Fang2   

  • Received:2016-04-26 Revised:2016-05-30 Online:2017-09-30 Published:2017-09-30

PDF (PC)

461

摘要：

采用表面荧光显微分析方法对2014 年夏季中国第6 次北极科学考察期间采集于加拿大海盆7 个海冰
站位的融池、冰芯和冰下海水样品进行了细菌和原生生物群落分析。结果表明, 上述3 类生境中的第一优
势类群均为细菌(不包括ICE07 站位出现水华融池的统计), 分别占总生物量的42.8%、37.8%和50.7%; 第二
优势类群均为鞭毛虫, 分别占总生物量的40.2%、34.3%和37.5%。包含细菌、鞭毛虫和纤毛虫在内的异养
生物在总生物量中占有优势, 显示微食物环在其中起着重要作用。在北冰洋夏季快速融冰的背景下, 3 类生
境总体上缺少快速生长的条件, 总生物量偏低。其中ICE07 站位出现融池水华和冰表自养鞭毛藻高值, 推
测合适的藻种和营养盐的额外补充共同促成了该站位冰表(融池)藻华的形成。

关键词: 北极, 融池, 海冰, 细菌, 原生生物, 生物群落

Abstract:

During the 6th Chinese Arctic Expedition in August 2014, samples from melting ponds, sea ice, and the
underlying sea water at seven ice camps in Canada Basin were collected, and the characteristics of the bacterial
and protist communities were analyzed using epifluorescence microscopy. The results showed the first and
second dominant groups were bacteria and heteroflagellates, respectively, with biomass percentages of 42.8%,
37.8%, 50.7%, 40.2%, 34.3%,37.5%, respectively (data from the ICE07 melting pond with an algal bloom were
not included). Heterotrophic organisms such as bacteria, heteroflagellates, and ciliates dominated within the
community, suggesting that the microbial loop might play an important role in the community of the pack ice
zone. Under the background of rapid melting of sea ice in austral summer, the environments of all three habitats
were unsuitable for rapid growth of the community and the biomass was very low. An autotrophic flagellate
bloom was observed in a melting pond and within the upper 20 cm of the ice column at ICE07. We suggest that
suitable quantities of both algal seed and nutrient supplement are essential for the occurrence of algal blooms on
surface ice.

Key words: Arctic, melting pond, sea ice, bacteria, protest, community