极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 59-71.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20210096

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2016/2017 年度夏季南设得兰群岛海域浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

王俊健1,2,3  张晔4  王延清5  杨光2,3,6
  

  1. 1北部湾大学广西北部湾海洋环境变化与灾害研究重点实验室, 广西 钦州 535011; 
    2中国科学院海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071; 
    3青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;  
    4自然资源部东海海域海岛中心, 上海 200136; 
    5中国科学院海洋研究所工程技术部, 山东 青岛 266071; 
    6中国科学院海洋大科学中心, 山东 青岛 266071
  • 出版日期:2023-03-31 发布日期:2023-03-17
  • 通讯作者: 杨光
  • 作者简介:王俊健, 男, 1989年生。博士, 主要从事海洋生态学研究。E-mail: 49008462@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1406801)、国家海洋局极地考察办公室项目(IPASCC 01-02-01D)和2022年北部湾大学引进高层次人才科研启动项目（2022KYQD09)资助

The structure of zooplankton community and its sensitivity to environmental factors around the South Shetland Islands in summer of 2016/2017

Wang Junjian1, 2, 3, Zhang Ye4, Wang Yanqing5, Yang Guang2, 3, 6   

  1. 1 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster in Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China;
    2Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 
    Qingdao 266071, China;
    3Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 
    Qingdao 266071, China;
    4 East China Sea Area and Island Center, MNR, Shanghai 200136, China;
    5Department of Engineering and Technology Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
    6Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
  • Online:2023-03-31 Published:2023-03-17

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摘要： 根据2016/2017年度南设得兰群岛海域夏季航次的浮游动物数据以及环境因子数据, 初步分析了浮游动物的群落组成、丰度、多样性以及与环境因子的关系。结果显示, 调查海域共检测出24种浮游动物物种(类群), 浮游动物群落总丰度为1095.51 ind∙m−3, 主要由尖角似哲水蚤、拟长腹剑水蚤、南极大磷虾以及南极纽鳃樽等组成。表层温度是对浮游动物分布影响较强的环境因子之一, 与上述的浮游动物优势物种的丰度均呈正相关。浮游动物的群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数与表层温度呈负相关关系。南大洋西南极海域近些年的显著升温可能会促进夏季南设得兰群岛海域优势浮游动物的增长, 进而导致群落的多样性及均匀度的下降。本研究将有利于深入探析南极磷虾重要渔区浮游动物的群落组成和优势物种分布, 并从基底生态学参数的角度为探究磷虾渔场的形成提供数据。

关键词: 浮游动物, 群落结构, 南设得兰群岛, 环境因子

Abstract: The structure, abundance, and diversity of the zooplankton community and its sensitivity to environmental factors in the seawaters of the South Shetland Islands, from late 2016 to early 2017, were analyzed. Twenty-four species of zooplankton were detected. The total abundance was 1095.51 ind∙m−3. The most abundant zooplankton were Euphausia superba, Calanoides acutus, Oithona similis and Salpa thompsoni. Their distribution was positively correlated with surface temperature. Conversely, the Shannon-Wiener and Pielou indices were negatively correlated with surface temperature. This shows that the strong recent warming of West Antarctic waters promotes the growth of common zooplankton in the South Shetland Islands seawaters in summer, but probably causes a decrease in the evenness and diversity of the zooplankton community. This study investigated the zooplankton distribution in important fishing grounds for Euphausia superba, providing fundamental information to understand the formation of krill fishing grounds.

Key words: zooplankton, community structure, South Shetland Islands, environmental factors