极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 159-176.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20210031

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

威德尔海水文特征及水团变异分析研究

张关强,廖光洪   

  1. 河海大学, 自然资源部海洋灾害预报技术重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210024
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-29 修回日期:2021-05-13 出版日期:2022-06-30 发布日期:2022-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 廖光洪
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0604104)和国家自然科学基金(42076015)

Hydrological characteristics and variation of water masses in the Weddell Sea

Zhang Guanqiang, Liao Guanghong   

  1. Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
  • Received:2021-03-29 Revised:2021-05-13 Online:2022-06-30 Published:2022-06-15

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摘要： 利用南大洋水文图集CTD原始站位资料, 总结分析了前人对威德尔海及其邻近海域各水团的研究成果, 补充分析了各水团的涩度属性, 结合σ-π图对该海域“三明治”结构水团的空间差异进行了分析, 并通过θ-S图等总结了各水团的形成方式及各水团间的关系。结合较长时间的重复观测资料(1989—2014年)分析发现威德尔海域的南极底层水性质发生变异, 温度和盐度显著增大, 底层水所覆盖面积明显减少, 温度低于–0.8℃的底层水几乎完全消失; 威德尔海暖深层水、深层水和底层水都存在增暖趋势, 且底层水和深层水的增暖主要受暖深层水的影响, 温度变化滞后于暖深层水约5~8年。暖深层水、深层水、底层水的盐度可能存在一定的准年代际周期, 且深底层水的盐度变化同样与暖深层水密切相关。

关键词: 威德尔海, 暖深层水, 底层水, 涩度, 冰架水, 南极

Abstract:

We analyzed and summarized previous research results on water masses in Weddell Sea and its adjacent areas based on data from the Hydrologic Atlas of the Southern Ocean. We further derived potential density (σ)-potential spicity (π) diagrams for water masses analysis in the Weddell Sea. Combined with temperature (θ)-salinity (S) relationships, the formation of different water masses and its relationships are investigated. Repeated observational data from 1989 to 2014 is used to analyze changes of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), and the results shows that there have been significant increases in potential temperature and salinity and a distinctive decrease in the area for AABW. Bottom water with temperature below −0.8°C has almost completely disappeared. Temperatures in the warm deep water, deep water and bottom water in Weddell Sea have increased. The warming of bottom water and deep water lags behind that of warm deep water by approximately 5–8 years. The salinities of warm deep water, deep water and bottom water show quasi-decadal oscillations characteristic. Variations in the salinity of deep bottom water are also closely related to those of warm deep water.

Key words: Weddell Sea, warm deep water, bottom water, spicity, shelf water, Antarctic