极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 318-327.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1084.2011.00318

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

南极地区大陆架划界引发的法律制度碰撞

朱瑛1,2,薛桂芳1,李金蓉3   

  1. 1. 中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院
    2. 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所，国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室
    3. 国家海洋信息中心
  • 收稿日期:2011-07-05 修回日期:2011-08-02 出版日期:2011-12-30 发布日期:2011-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 朱瑛
  • 基金资助:

    中国极地研究中心协作项目

CONFLICTS OF LEGAL SYSTEMS INDUCED BY THE DELIMITATION OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF IN THE ANTARCTIC REGION

ZHU Ying1,2 , XUE Guifang1 , LI Jinrong3   

  1. 1. Ocean University of China
    2. Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA Key Laboratory of the Seabed Science of SOA
    3. National Marine Data and Information Service
  • Received:2011-07-05 Revised:2011-08-02 Online:2011-12-30 Published:2011-12-30
  • Contact: Ying ZHU

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被引次数

15

摘要：

自《南极条约》1961年生效以来，南极地区一直处于以《南极条约》为核心的南极条约体系的约束之下。1982年《联合国海洋公约》（以下简称《公约》）建立了大陆架制度，要求沿海国应在批准《公约》生效十年内完成200海里以外大陆架外部界限的划定。1994年《公约》生效后，澳大利亚、挪威、阿根廷和英国在提交各国200海里以外大陆架外部界限划界案时，先后对南纬60°以南地区的外大陆架提出主张要求。本文通过解读南极洲领土主张国提交的外大陆架划界案和有关大陆架外部界限的初步信息，跟踪研究大陆架界限委员会审议的有关南极地区的划界案案例，分析沿海国在南极地区的大陆架划界主张的法律依据，进而深入剖析南极条约体系和《公约》两种法律制度在南极地区的矛盾与冲突，并探讨南极地区法律制度的发展走向。

关键词: 南极条约体系, 联合国海洋法公约, 大陆架划界, 法律制度, 碰撞

Abstract:

The Antarctic has been under restriction of the Antarctic Treaty System including Antarctic Treaty as its core and other related agreements since Antarctic Treaty took effect in 1961. Nevertheless, the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea (UNCLOS, hereafter be shorted as Convention) established the legal regime for continental shelf and requested coastal state to complete the delineation of the outer limits of continental shelf beyond 200NM within ten years upon its ratification of the convention. Since the Convention entered into force in 1994, Australia, Norway, Argentina and UK have successively and respectively claimed their sovereign rights over the continental shelves in the south of 60°S, namely the Antarctic region. Based on such background, the paper assesses the continental shelf submissions and preliminary information made by seven countries claiming territorial sovereignty or sovereign rights to the Antarctic region, and reviews the consideration and recommendations made by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS). Following the above analysis, the paper scrutinizes the legal basis for continental shelf claims to the Antarctic region, and investigates the conflicts between the Antarctic Treaty System and the Convention. Meanwhile, the paper discusses the trend of legal regime development regarding the Antarctic region.

Key words: Antarctic Treaty System, United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea, Delimitation of the Continental Shelf, Legal Regime, Conflict