极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 315-324.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20200059

• 研究综述 •    下一篇

极地酵母菌的发现与应用

卢凤宁1 ；张元兴1,2 ；蔡孟浩1   

  1. 1华东理工大学生物反应器工程国家重点实验室, 上海 200237;
    2上海生物制造产业协同创新中心, 上海 200237
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-18 修回日期:2020-11-28 接受日期:2020-12-02 出版日期:2021-09-30 发布日期:2021-10-12
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1406706)，中国工程院咨询研究项目(2018-ZD-08)

Discovery and application of polar yeasts

Lu Fengning1, Zhang Yuanxing1,2, Cai Menghao1   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; 
    2Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, Shanghai 200237, China
  • Received:2020-08-18 Revised:2020-11-28 Accepted:2020-12-02 Online:2021-09-30 Published:2021-10-12

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摘要： 极地酵母菌要适应极地的极端环境, 需以独特的适冷策略来维系生命, 包括产生抗冻蛋白、不饱和脂肪酸、胞外多糖、色素和冷活性酶等。这些产物蕴含着巨大的开发潜力和商业价值, 用于食品、农业、医药、纺织和卫生等领域。尽管关于极地酵母的研究已持续一个多世纪, 但人们对其地理分布、多样性和生态功能的认识还存在明显不足, 有待进一步的探索开发。本文综述了极地酵母菌的发现与应用研究进展, 为极地酵母产物资源的研究与开发提供参考。

关键词: 极地环境, 酵母菌, 适冷, 多样性, 产物资源

Abstract: To adapt to the extreme polar environment, polar yeasts maintain their life through unique cold-adaptive strategies including production of antifreeze proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, extracellular polysaccharides, pigments, and cold-active enzymes. These products have great potential for commercial use, including applications in the fields of food, agriculture, medicine, textiles, and health. Although research has been conducted on polar yeasts for over a century, there are still knowledge gaps relating to their geographical distribution, diversity, and ecological function which need further exploration and development. In this paper, the discovery and application of polar yeasts are reviewed to provide a reference for further research and development of polar yeast product resources.

Key words: polar environment, yeast, cold-adaptive, diversity, product resources