极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 322-335.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20190062

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候变化对南极冰面湖的影响研究—以埃默里和拉森A冰架为例

王辉1,2, 卢善龙2, 丁俊1, 邱玉宝2, 唐海龙2,3, 闫强4   

  1. 1.湘潭大学, 土木工程与力学学院, 湖南 湘潭 411105;
    2.中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所, 中国科学院数字地球重点实验室, 北京 100101;
    3.成都理工大学地球科学学院, 四川 成都 610059;
    4.中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所, 北京 100037
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-30 修回日期:2020-01-20 出版日期:2020-09-30 发布日期:2020-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 卢善龙
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点支持项目(91637209)、国家重点研发计划水资源高效开发利用专项(2017YFC0405802)、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA1907020104)、地质矿产调查评价项目: 中国水资源生态配置及全球战略(DD20190652)资助

Effects of climate change on Antarctic supraglacial lakes: Case study of the Amery and Larsen A ice shelves

Wang Hui1,2, Lu Shanlong2, Ding Jun1, Qiu Yubao2, Tang Hailong2,3, Yan Qiang4   

  1. 1.College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China;
    2.Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    3.College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
    4.Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
  • Received:2019-10-30 Revised:2020-01-20 Online:2020-09-30 Published:2020-09-30

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摘要： 冰面湖作为区域气候变化的灵敏指示器, 对研究全球气候变化背景下南极冰冻圈的稳定性具有重要意义。本文基于2000—2019年区域气象数据、Landsat ETM+/OLI影像与LIMA(Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica)镶嵌影像, 选取东南极的埃默里冰架和西南极的拉森A冰架作为研究区, 采用归一化水体指数(Normalized Difference Water Index, NDWI)提取冰面湖面积信息, 对冰面湖面积与气象数据开展遥相关分析, 探索冰面湖与区域气候变化的联系。结果表明: 埃默里冰面湖总面积较为稳定并有减小趋势, 拉森A冰面湖总面积则呈增加趋势; 冰面湖与气温和海温之间存在正向反馈特征; 两个冰架区域的反馈特征规律明显不同, 埃默里冰面湖面积受气温影响显著, 但受海温影响并不明显, 而拉森A冰面湖则对海温变化敏感, 其面积与海温变化趋势一致。

关键词: 冰面湖, 气候变化, 气温, 海表面温度, 冰架

Abstract: As a sensitive indicator of regional climate change, Antarctic supraglacial lakes are important for studying the stability of the cryosphere under global climate change. Using the Normalized Difference Water Index, we extracted supraglacial lakes on Amery Ice Shelf in East Antarctica and Larsen A Ice Shelf in West Antarctica from Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM +)/ Operational Lander Imager (OLI) images and Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica (LIMA) mosaic images, and explored teleconnections between supraglacial lakes and 2000–2019 regional meteorological data, and the relationship between supraglacial lakes and regional climate change. Total surface area of supraglacial lakes on Amery Ice Shelf is relatively stable and decreasing, while that on Larsen A Ice Shelf is increasing. We found positive feedbacks between lake surface area, air temperature and sea surface temperature, which differ between the two ice shelves. On Amery Ice Shelf, lake surface area is con-siderably affected by air temperature, and unaffected by sea surface temperature. On Larsen A Ice Shelf, lake surface area is sensitive to changes in sea surface temperature and varies with sea surface temperature.

Key words: supraglacial lakes, climate change, air temperature, sea surface temperature, ice shelf