过量氘新的定义及其在极地地区的应用综述

doi:10.13679/j.jdyj.20180069209

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水汽中过量氘主要受蒸发过程中非平衡动力分馏控制, 而水汽冷凝过程一般认为同位素发生平衡分馏, 平衡分馏过程对降水及水汽中过量氘影响较小, 因此理论上可以利用冰芯过量氘记录进行水汽源区环境条件的定量重建。在极地地区, 较低的温度导致水汽的冷凝程度较高, 氢(δD)与氧(δ18O)稳定同位素的斜率受与温度有关的平衡分馏系数显著影响, 因此极地降水中过量氘实际上还受平衡分馏系数影响; 此外, 随着水汽冷凝程度的升高, 水汽中δD/δ18O值越来越低, δD和δ18O之间的非线性关系越来越明显, 这导致传统线性过量氘(定义为dexcess = δD − 8δ18O)的值还受同位素值本身的影响。因此, 上述线性过量氘定义的不足使得利用极地冰芯过量氘记录进行水汽源区环境条件定量重建的精度受到了很大的限制。为了弥补传统线性过量氘定义的不足, 近年来一些研究者提出了过量氘的对数定义和指数定义。本文旨在说明传统线性过量氘定义的不足, 详细介绍两种过量氘新定义的基本原理与优势、最新研究进展及其在极地地区的应用前景。

关键词: 极地, 水稳定同位素, 过量氘, 水汽来源

Abstract:

The deuterium excess in water vapor is mainly controlled by non-equilibrium kinetic fractionation during evaporation, while it is generally considered that isotopic equilibrium fractionation occurs during condensation, which has little effect on the deuterium excess in precipitation and water vapor. Therefore, the deuterium excess records of ice cores can be used for quantitative reconstruction of environmental conditions of oceanic moisture sources. In polar regions, the condensation degree of water vapor is higher due to the lower temperatures. The slope of δD and δ18O during the condensation of water vapor is significantly affected by the equilibrium fractionation coefficient related to temperature; thus, the deuterium excess in polar precipitation is actually affected by the equilibrium fractionation coefficient. In addition, with an increase of the condensation degree of water vapor, the δD/δ18O value of water vapor becomes progressively lower, and a nonlinear relationship between δD and δ18O becomes more apparent. This means that the traditional linear deuterium excess (defined as: dexcess = δD – 8δ18O) is also affected by the isotopic value. Consequently, the deficiency of the definition of linear deuterium excess limits the accuracy of quantitative reconstruction of the environmental conditions of oceanic moisture sources. To make up for deficiency in the linear definition, some researchers in recent years have put forward logarithmic and exponential definitions of deuterium excess. This article highlights shortcomings in the traditional linear definition of deuterium excess, introduces the basic principles and advantages of two new definitions, and discusses the progress of research on this topic as well as potential applications to research in polar regions.

Key words: polar regions, water stable isotopes, deuterium excess, moisture source

王佳佳庞洪喜侯书贵张王滨于金海刘科. 过量氘新的定义及其在极地地区的应用综述[J]. 极地研究, 2019, 31(2): 209-219.

Wang Jiajia, Pang Hongxi, Hou Shugui, Zhang Wangbin, Yu Jinhai, Liu Ke. New definition of deuterium excess and its application in polar regions[J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2019, 31(2): 209-219.

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