极地研究 ›› 2002, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (2): 105-112.

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菲尔德斯半岛3种金发藓植株的同步辐射X射线荧光分析

沈显生;孙立广;尹雪斌;康士秀;吴自勤;何伟   

  • 出版日期:2002-06-30 发布日期:2002-06-30

SR-XRF ANALYSIS OF THE 3 SPECIES OF POLYTRICHUM IN THE FILDES PENINSULA OF ANTARCTICA

  • Online:2002-06-30 Published:2002-06-30

摘要:

为了研究南极不同苔藓植株及其器官间的元素组成和分布的差异 ,我们利用同步辐射X射线荧光对菲尔德斯半岛 3种金发藓植株进行了重元素分析。这 3种植物是高山金发藓(Polytrichumalpinum) ,桧叶金发藓 (P .juniperinum)和极地金发藓 (P .alpestre)。它们所含的元素种类大致相同 ,主要有K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn和Sr等 ,这说明在菲尔德斯半岛 3种金发藓植株的生境条件是相似的。但是 ,在Polytrichumalpinum叶内 ,K峰远大于Ca ,Ca峰大于Fe ;在P .juniperinum植物叶片中 ,K峰大于Ca ,而Ca峰接近于Fe ;在P .alpestre叶内 ,K、Ca和Fe峰几乎相等。通过对P .alpestre不同部位进行X荧光分析 ,并用荧光计数法表示元素相对含量 ,我们发现各部位间的元素含量差异很大。在顶芽处 ,K的含量最高 ,K/Ca比等于 1 .30 ,而其他部位的K/Ca比均小于 1。在假根部位 ,Mn的含量在所有部位中是最高的 ,并且Mn/Fe比值最大 ,为 0 .2 1。在老叶片和假根部位 ,Cu/Zn比分别等于 1 .2 0和 1 .84,而其他部位的Cu/Zn比均小于 1。特别是这两个部位还出现了Br元素 ,这可能与器官的衰老有关。

关键词: 南极;金发藓;重元素;X荧光

Abstract:

In order to study the elemental composition and distribution of various mosses and different parts of Antarctica, we have analyzed the heavy elements of 3 species of Polytrichum by synchrotron radiation X ray fluorescence in Fildes Peninsula. The experimental specimens are P. alpinum, P. juniperinum and P. alpestre , and their elements are same nearly, including mainly K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Sr and so on. It'll show us the habitats of 3 species of Polytrichum are sililar in Fildes Peninsula. But the peak of K is very high than one of Ca, and the peak of Ca is higher than one of Fe in P. alpinum . In P. juniperinum the peak of K is higher than one of Ca, and the peak of Ca is close to one of Fe. The peak of K is nearly equal to them of Ca and Fe in P. alpestre . By X ray fluorescence analyzing different parts of P. alpestre and counting relative concentration of elements by fluorescence counts, we found that the difference of the parts is clear. The concentration of K of apical bud is the highest among parts, the proportion of K/Ca is 1.30, but that are all below 1 in the other parts. The concentration of Mn of pseudo root is the highest among parts, and the ratio of Mn/Fe is the largest, and the proportion is 0.21. In the parts of older leaf and pseudo root, the ratios of Cu/Zn are separately 1.20 and 1.84, but that are not enough 1 in the other parts. The element of Br is arisen specially in the older leaf and pseudo root parts, and that may has something to do with the organs aged.