关键词: 北冰洋;浮冰;气象特征;反射率;逆湿

Abstract:

WT5BZ] The variations of meteorological elements such as temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed, cloud cover, radiation components and ice temperature, the weather process as well are presented based on the data obtained by Chinese National Arctic Expedition on a drifting ice at (75°N,160°W) in Arctic Ocean in August 19-24,1999. The temperature of ice surface has obvious diurnal variation. It is higher than air temperature in daytime and inversion layer only occurs during the cloudless night. The temperature of sea surface changes little about -1℃ in day and night time. There is inversion humidity in most time near the ice surface in the Arctic Ocean affected by wet advection as the drifting ice surrounded by open water. The average albedo for 6 days is 0 76 and around noontime it is lower than that in the rest time because the ice surface absorbs radiative energy and causes melting. The diurnal variation of net radiation is as significant as that of global radiation. That the average of net radiation is positive for each day means that the surface can obtain radiative energy and gives out the heat to air in form of long wave. The relation of radiation and cloud cover is also discussed. [WT5HZ]