关键词: 北冰洋;浮冰;开阔水域;湍流通量

Abstract:

Characteristics of heat balance parameters of Arctic Ocean drifting ice and open sea are presented based on the profile flux method and the data obtained by the First Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition during Aug.19-24,1999. The result shows that the difference of interaction processes between ocean air and ice air is extremely obvious. Net radiation absorbed by ice surface only account for 6% of that absorbed by the sea surface and it is consumed mainly by the processes of sensible heat exchange and ice melting, deficit part of the heat is compensated from the latent heat released when water vapor is frozen on ice surface and heat stored in ice. Net radiation absorbed by sea surface is balanced most by the process of latent heat transport , accounting for 50% of total heat, and the rest part is conducted to deep water and transported as sensible heat to air, accounting for 26% and 24% of total heat individually. It can be found that a great quantity of vapor is transported to atmosphere from Arctic Ocean open sea in summer, which is very important to concerns on season change of heat budget on Arctic Ocean.