极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 275-282.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1084.2011.00275

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2002年1月份南极普里兹湾海域南极磷虾（Euphausia superba Dana）的丰度和种群结构的研究

刘永芹1,孙松1,张永山2,2,刘会莲2,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室
    2. 中国科学院研究生院
    3. 中国科学院海洋研究所胶州湾海洋生态系统研究站
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-05 修回日期:2011-05-26 出版日期:2011-12-30 发布日期:2011-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 孙松
  • 基金资助:

    国家基金委创新研究群体科学基金项目;国际极地年（IPY）中国行动计划

DISTRIBUTION AND DEMOGRAPHY OF EUPHAUSIA SUPERBA DANA IN THE PRYDZ BAY DURING JUNUARY 2002

Liu Yongqin1,2 , Sun Song1,3 , Zhang Yongshan1 , Liu Huilian1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
    3. Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science
  • Received:2011-05-05 Revised:2011-05-26 Online:2011-12-30 Published:2011-12-30

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摘要：

本文对2002年1月在南极普里兹湾海域三个断面（68.5°E，70.5°E和73°E）用IKMT网采集的南极磷虾（Euphausia superba Dana）的水平分布、种群结构和生长状态进行了研究。南极磷虾主要位于64°S以南的海域，64°S以北磷虾数量很少。南极磷虾的平均丰度和生物量分别为68.85 ind/1000 m3和24.16 g/1000 m3，丰度和生物量最高的4个站位均位于深海区。磷虾的体长范围在30 – 53 mm之间（N = 1758），平均体长为38.45 ± 3.68 mm（SD）。南极磷虾的雌性比例接近1：1，雌体占47.6%（次成体：31.9%；成体5.7%），雄体占46.6%（次成体：42.7%；成体3.9%），未成体占5.8%。南极磷虾种群结构存在地域差异，调查海域西部未成体比例较高、雄体发育状态较低、生长状态较好，而东部情况相反；70.5°E和73°E的站位磷虾种群结构存在纬度差异，高纬度区域磷虾体长较小，雌雄比例较高；低纬度区域体长较大，雌雄比例较小。

关键词: 南极磷虾, 分布, 密度, 种群结构, 普里兹湾

Abstract:

This study documents horizontal distribution, population structure and growth condition of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana), which collected by IKMT along three transects from the Prydz Bay during January 2002. E. superba dominated south of 64°S, and few krill was found north of 64°S. The average density/biomass, estimated from trawl catches, was 68.85 ind/1000 m3 or 24.16 g/1000 m3. The four stations with highest values were located in the open sea. Body length ranged from 30 to 55 mm (N = 1758), with a mean of 38.45 ± 3.68 mm (SD). The overall sex ratio was 1:1, 47.6% females (31.9% sub-adults and 5.7% adults), 46.6% males (42.7% sub-adults and 3.9% adults), while 5.8% were juveniles. The population structure of E. superba showed geographical difference. The high proportion of juvenile, low sexual maturity stage of male and good growth condition was found in the western part of the survey area, and the reverse was presented in the eastern part. The latitudinal difference was found at stations along 70.5°E and 73°E: the body length was small and sex ratio was high in the region of high latitude, while the size was large and sex ratio was low in the region of low latitude.

Key words: Euphausia superba, distribution, density, population structure, Prydz Bay