南极海洋动物粪土源N2O稳定同位素实验研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1084.2012.00215

极地研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 215-225.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1084.2012.00215

南极海洋动物粪土源N₂O稳定同位素实验研究

白波¹ 朱仁斌¹ 徐华² 刘雅淑¹

¹中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院极地环境研究室, 安徽合肥 230026；
²中国科学院南京土壤所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 江苏南京 210008

收稿日期:2012-02-29 修回日期:2012-04-12 出版日期:2012-09-30 发布日期:2012-09-30
通讯作者: 朱仁斌
基金资助:
南极苔原氧化亚氮同位素变化特征及其对氧化亚氮产生机理的识别

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE STABLE ISOTOPES OF N₂O EMITTED FROM SEA ANIMAL COLONY SOILS IN COASTAL ANTARCTICA

Bai Bo ¹, Zhu Renbin ¹, Xu Hua ², Liu Yashu ¹

¹ Institute of Polar Environment, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
² State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China

Received:2012-02-29 Revised:2012-04-12 Online:2012-09-30 Published:2012-09-30
Contact: ZHU Renbin

摘要/Abstract

摘要： N₂O是一种重要的温室气体，土壤是全球N₂O的重要排放源。通过测定土壤源N₂O中N、O同位素值，可以有效识别N₂O的来源途径。本文采集了南极法尔兹半岛两个地点的海豹粪土（HS和GS）、阿德雷岛两个地点的企鹅粪土(AB和AF)以及东南极的帝企鹅粪土(DQ和DQT)，在室内对所采集的样品分别在有氧和厌氧条件下进行冻融培养实验。结果表明：土壤在厌氧条件下比有氧条件下排放了更多的N₂O。土壤排放的N₂O与当地大气N₂O相比普遍贫15N和18O。除DQT和HS外， δ15N和δ18O在有氧和厌氧培养下均呈现很好的正相关性。N₂O排放量下降的同时伴随着培养瓶内剩余N₂O中δ15N和δ18O 值的增加，证实N₂O还原为N2的过程会引起重同位素富集。高的水分含量有利于土壤反硝化作用的进行，使释放的N₂O气体富集重同位素；pH值也会影响N₂O的同位素组成，低pH会引起δ15N值增加。

关键词: N₂O, 南极土壤, 硝化作用, 反硝化作用, δ¹⁵N和δ¹⁸O

Abstract: Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is an important greenhouse gas, mainly emitted from soils during the nitrification and denitrification processes. Measurement of the natural abundance of N₂O stable isotopes is an effective method to distinguish the N₂O sources from nitrification and denitrification. In this paper, we studied the soils from Fildes Peninsula (HS and GS), Ardley Island (AB and AF) and Emperor penguin colony (DQ and DQT) in Antarctic, and examined the isotopic compositions ofN₂O through laboratory incubation experiments under N₂ and under ambient air conditions, respectively. Results showed that much more N₂O was formed under N₂ incubation than that under ambient air incubation. For most treatments the soil emitted N₂O was ¹⁵N-depleted compared to local ambient air N₂O. The N₂O concentration often leveled off or even decreased, accompanied by increases in δ¹⁵N and δ¹⁸O of the remaining N₂O. The soil water content and pH also affect the δ¹⁵N and δ¹⁸O values.

Key words: N₂O, Antarctic soils, nitrification and denitrification, δ¹⁵N and δ¹⁸O

白波朱仁斌徐华刘雅淑. 南极海洋动物粪土源N₂O稳定同位素实验研究[J]. 极地研究, 2012, 24(3): 215-225.

Bai Bo，Zhu Renbin，Xu Hua，Liu Yashu. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE STABLE ISOTOPES OF N₂O EMITTED FROM SEA ANIMAL COLONY SOILS IN COASTAL ANTARCTICA[J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2012, 24(3): 215-225.

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南极海洋动物粪土源N₂O稳定同位素实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE STABLE ISOTOPES OF N₂O EMITTED FROM SEA ANIMAL COLONY SOILS IN COASTAL ANTARCTICA

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