极地研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 77-81.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1084.2011.00077

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

格罗夫山地区冰原岛峰高程测定

王泽民 艾松涛 张胜凯 杜玉军   

  1. 武汉大学中国南极测绘研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2010-10-27 修回日期:2010-12-27 出版日期:2011-06-30 发布日期:2011-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 王泽民
  • 基金资助:

    南极冰原裂隙及冰盖运动信息提取与定量分析

Elevation determination of nunataks in Grove Mountains

  1. Chinese Antarctic research center of surveying and mapping, Wuhan university
  • Received:2010-10-27 Revised:2010-12-27 Online:2011-06-30 Published:2011-06-30
  • Contact: Ze-Min WANG

摘要:

南极内陆格罗夫山地区冰原上坐落着许多冰原岛峰,他们绝大多数的高程都未被直接测定。2010年中国第26次南极考察格罗夫山分队,通过精密测绘方法测定了梅森峰、威尔逊岭的高程,并发现梅森峰是目前新测定的格罗夫山地区的最高峰。由于梅森峰、威尔逊岭四壁陡峭,难于攀登,为确保测量的精确性,首先在梅森峰附近的冰面上选取了3个基准点,采用GPS技术测定其精确地理位置,然后在这3个基准点上架设精密经纬仪,通过测角前方交会和三角高程测量的方法,从三个方向确定了梅森峰、威尔逊岭的准确高程,解决了地理学上一直存疑的梅森峰、威尔逊岭的大地高程问题。该结果不仅是南极地学考察的重要依据,也可作为为南极测绘高精度控制点,并为南极遥感成图提供高精度位置标定。论文不仅详细论述梅森峰、威尔逊岭的高程测定过程和各个数据计算细节,还对影响三角高程测量精度的主要因素,如折光系数K值的确定,观测图形、观测距离等对测量精度的影响进行了深入探讨。

关键词: 测角前方交会

Abstract:

Many exposed nunataks locate in the Grove Mountains of the Antarctic inland, and the majority of those elevations have not been measured yet. The elevations of Mason Peak and Wilson Ridge are precisely determined by the Grove Team of CHINARE-26 in 2010. The Mason Peak turns out to be the highest of the Grove Mountains. Considering the Mason Peak and Wilson Ridge are difficult to climb due to their cragginess, we firstly select three control points on the ice surface near the Mason Peak and position them with GPS. Thus, the accurate elevations of Mason Peak and Wilson Ridge can be calculated from three directions using forward intersection and trigonometric leveling by setting precision theodolite on the chosen control points. It has solved the puzzle of their geodetic height in geography. The result provides important information which can be referred as highly precise control points for Antarctic surveying and mapping. This paper elaborates how to measure and compute the elevation of the mountains, and analyses the principal elements that influence the accuracy of trigonometry leveling such as the determination of refraction coefficient K, the observing structure and the distance.

Key words: forward intersection