Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes from the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma in the western Arctic surface sediments: implications for water mass distribution

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1085.2011.00205

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.) (Nps) is the most abundant planktonic foraminifera species in the polar oceans. The δ18O and δ13C of Nps from the western Arctic Ocean sediments were analyzed to reveal the implications of the proxies to environmental changes. The δ18O records of Nps in the Chukchi Sea reflect the water mass distribution in this area. Heavy δ18O values are along the Anadyr Current (AC) and light values in the central and eastern Chukchi Sea may reflect the freshwater signal in the Alaska Coastal Current (ACC) and Bering Sea Shelf Water (BSSW). Light δ18O signature in the high Arctic basin comes from the freshwater stored in the Arctic surface layer. The δ13C distribution pattern in the Chukchi Sea is also influenced by the current system. High primary productivity along the AC results in heavy δ13C; relatively lower primary productivity and the freshwater component in the BSSW and ACC may be the reason for the light δ13C in the central and eastern Chukchi Sea. Our data reveal the importance of well ventilated Pacific Water through Chukchi Sea into the Arctic Ocean.

关键词: δ18O, δ13C, Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, Western Arctic Ocean

Abstract:

Key words: δ18O, δ13C, Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, Western Arctic Ocean

XIAO Wenshen, WANG Rujian, CHENG Xinrong. Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes from the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma in the western Arctic surface sediments: implications for water mass distribution[J]. 极地研究, 2011, 22(4-English): 205-214.

参考文献

1. Aagaard K and Carmack EC. The role of sea ice and other fresh water in the Arctic circulation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1989, 94(C10): 14485–14498. 2. Holmes RM, McClelland JW, Peterson BJ, Shiklomanov AI, Zhulidov AV, Gordeev VV, Bobrovitskaya N. A circumpolar perspective on fluvial sediment flux to the Arctic Ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2002, 16/4, doi: 10.1029/2002GB001920. 3. Dieckmann GS and Hellmer HH. The importance of sea ice: An overview. In Thomas DN and Diekmann GS (eds.), Sea ice: an introduction to its physics, chemistry, biology and geology. Blackwell, UK, 2003: 1-21. 4. Comiso JC, Parkinson CL, Gersten R, Stock L. Accelerated decline in the Arctic sea ice cover. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2008, 35, L01703, doi: 10.1029/2007GL031972. 5. Cai WJ, Chen LQ, Chen BS et al. Decrease in the CO2 uptake capacity in an ice-free Arctic Ocean basin. Science, 2010, 329: 556-559. 6. Bates NR and Mathis JT. The Arctic Ocean marine carbon cycle: evaluation of air-sea CO2 exchanges, ocean acidification impacts and potential feedbacks. Biogeoscience, 2009, 6: 2433-2459. 7. Kohfeld KE, Fairbanks RG, Smith SL, Walsh ID. Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.) as paleoceanographic tracers in polar oceans: evidence from Northeast Water Polynya Plankton tows, sediment traps, and surface sediments. Paleoceanography, 1996, 11(6): 679-699. 8. Spielhagen RF and Erlenkeuser H. Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes in planktic foraminifers from Arctic Ocean surface sediments: Reflection of the low salinity surface water layer. Marine Geology, 1994, 119(3-4): 227-250. 9. Bauch D, Carstens J, Wefer G. Oxygen isotope composition of living Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.) in the Arctic Ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1997, 146: 47-58. 10. Bauch D, Carstens J, Wefer G, et al. The imprint of anthropogenic CO2 in the Arctic Ocean: evidence from planktic d13C data from water column and sediment surfaces. Deep-Sea Research II, 2000, 9-11: 1791-1808. 11. Volkmann R and Mensch M. Stable isotope composition (δ18O, δ13C) of living planktic foraminifers in the outer Laptev Sea and the Fram Strait. Marine Micropaleontology, 2001, 42: 163-188. 12. Simstich J, Sarnthein M, Erlenkeuser H. Paired δ18O signals of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (s) and Turborotalita quinqueloba show thermal stratification structure in Nordic Seas. Marine Micropaleontology, 2003, 48: 107-125. 13. Hillaire-Marcel C and de Vernal A. Stable isotope clue to episodic sea ice formation in the glacial North Atlantic. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2008, 268: 143-150. 14. Lubinski DJ, Polyak L, Forman SL. Freshwater and Atlantic water inflows to the deep northern Barents and Kara seas since ca 13 14C ka: foraminifera and stable isotopes. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2001, 20: 1851-1879. 15. Spielhagen RF, Baumann K-H, Erlenkeuser H, et al. Arctic Ocean deep-sea record of northern Eurasian ice sheet history. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2004, 23: 1455-1483. 16. Carstens J and Wefer G. Recent distribution of planktonic foraminifera in the Nansen Basin, Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research, 1992, 39 (Suppl. 2): 507-524. 17. Woodgate R A, Aagaard K, Weingartner T. A year in the physical oceanography of the Chukchi Sea: moored measurements from autumn 1990-91. Deep-Sea Research II, 2005, 52: 3116-3149. 18. Weingartner T J, Cavalieri D J, Aagaard K, et al. Circulation, dense water formation and outflow on the northeast Chukchi Sea shelf. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1998, 103: 7647-7662. 19. Weingartner T J. Chukchi Sea Circulation. 2001, The webpage: www.ims.uaf.edu/chukchi/. 20. Weingartner T J, Aagaard K, Woodgate R A, et al. Circulation on the north central Chukchi Sea shelf. Deep-Sea Research II, 2005, 52: 3150-3174. 21. Coachman L and Barnes C. The movement of Atlantic Water in the Arctic Ocean. Arctic, 1963, 16: 8-16. 22. Anderson LG, Bjork G, Holby O, et al. Watermasses and circulation in the Eurasian Basin: results from the Oden 91 expedition. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1994, 99 (C2): 3273-3283. 23. Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration, editor. Report of the first Chinese national Arctic expedition (in Chinese). Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2000, 1-191. 24. Zhang Zhanhai. Report of the second Chinese national Arctic expedition (in Chinese). Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2003, 1-229 25. Stein R (eds.). Arctic ocean sediments: processes, proxies and paleoenvironment. Elsevier, 2008: 1-592. 26. Viscosi-Shirley C, Pisias N, Mammone K. Sediment source strength, transport pathways and accumulation patterns on the Siberian-Arctic's Chukchi and Laptev shelves. Continental Shelf Research, 2003, 23: 1201-1225. 27. Keigwin LD, Donnelly JP, Cook MS, et al. Rapid sea-level rise and Holocene climate in the Chukchi Sea. Geology, 2006, 34(10): 861-864. 28. Polyak L, Bischof J, Ortiz JD, et al. Late Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentation patterns in the western Arctic Ocean. Global and Planetary Change, 2009, 68: 5-17. 29. Wang R, Xiao W, Li W, Sun Y. Late Quaternary ice-rafted detritus events in the Chukchi Basin, western Arctic Ocean. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2010, 55(4-5): 432-440. 30. Shackleton N J. Attainment of isotopic equilibrium between ocean water and the benthic foraminifera genus Uvigerina: isotopic changes in the ocean during the last glacial. Coll. Int. C.N.R.S., 1974, 219: 203-209. 31. Duplessy J-C, Blanc PL, Be AWH. Oxygen-18 enrichment of planktonic foraminifera due to gametogenic calcification below the euphotic zone. Science, 1981, 213: 1247-1250. 32. Carsten J, Hebbeln D, Wefer G. Distribution of planktic foraminifera at the ice margin in the Arctic (Fram Strait). Marine Micropaleontology, 1997, 29: 257-269. 33. Craig H and Gordon LI, Isotopic oceanography. In: Symp. Marine Geochemistry, 3. Narragansett Marine Lab., Univ. Rhode Island, 1965: 277-374. 34. K?hler SEI. Sp?tquart?re pal?o-ozeanographische Entwicklung des Nordpolarmeeres und Europ?ischen Nordmeeres anhand von Sauerstoff- und Kohlenstoffisotopenverh?tnissen der planktischen Foraminifere Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.). GEOMAR Rep., 1992, 13: 104 pp. 35. Cooper LW, Benner R, McClelland JW, et al. Linkages among runoff, dissolved organic carbon, and the stable oxygen isotope composition of seawater and other water mass indicators in the Arctic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 2005, 110, G02013, doi: 10.1029/2005JG000031. 36. Cooper LW, McClelland JW, Holmes RM, et al. Flow-weighted values of runoff tracers (d18O, DOC, Ba, alkalinity) from the six largest Arctic rivers, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2008, 35, L18606, doi: 10.1029/2008GL035007. 37. Yamamoto-Kawai M, Carmack EC, McLaughlin FA, Falkner KK. Oxygen isotope ratio, barium and salinity in waters around the North American coast from the Pacific to the Atlantic: implications for freshwater sources to the Arctic throughflow. J. Marine Res., 2010, 68: 97-117. 38. Melling H and Moore RM. Modification of halocline source waters during freezing on the Beaufort Sea shelf- evidence from oxygen isotopes and dissolved nutrients. Continental Shelf Research, 1995, 15(1): 89-113. 39. Eicken H, Krouse HR, Kadko D, Perovich DK. Tracer studies of pathways and rates of meltwater transport through Arctic summer sea ice. J. Geophys. Res., 2002, 107, doi: 10.1029/2000JC000583. 40. Woodgate RA and Aagaard K. Revising the Bering Strait freshwater flux into the Arctic Ocean. Geophys.Res.Lett., 2005, 32, L02602, doi: 10.1029/2004GL021747. 41. Comiso JC and Parkinson CL. Arctic sea ice parameters from AMSR-E data using two techniques and comparisons with sea ice from SSM/I. J. Geophys. Res., 2008, 113, C02S05, doi: 10.1029/2007JC004255. 42. Macdonald RW, McLaughlin FA, Carmack EC. Fresh water and its sources during the SHEBA drift in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research I, 2002, 49: 1769-1785. 43. Guay CKH, McLaughlin FA, Yamamoto-Kawai M. Differentiating fluvial components of upper Canada Basin waters on the basis of measurements of dissolved barium combined with other physical and chemical tracers. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C00A09, doi: 10.1029/2008JC005099. 44. Yamamoto-Kawai M, McLaughlin FA, Carmack EC, et al. Freshwater budget of the Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean, from salinity, δ18O, and nutrients. J. Geophys. Res., 2008, 113, C01007, doi: 10.1029/2006JC003858. 45. Stein R, Matthiessen J, Niessen F, et al. Towards a better (litho-) stratigraphy and reconstruction of Quaternary paleoenvironment in the Amerasian Basin (Arctic Ocean). Polarforschung, 2010, 79(2): 97-121. 46. Mulitza S, Arz H, Kemle-von M S, et al. The South Atlantic carbon isotope record of planktonic foraminifera. In: Fischer G, Wefer G (eds.) Use of proxies of in the paleoceanography: Examples from the South Atlantic. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1999: 427-445. 47. Sarnthein M, Winn K, Jung SJA, et al. Changes in the east Atlantic deepwater circulation over the last 30000 years: eight time slice reconstructions. Paleoceanography, 1994, 9(2): 209-267. 48. Wang J, Cota GF, Comiso JC. Phytoplankton in the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas: distribution, dynamics, and environmental forcing. Deep-Sea Research II, 2005, 52: 3355-3368. 49. Grebmeier JM, Cooper LW, Feder HM, Sirenko BI. Ecosystem dynamics of the Pacific - influenced Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Amerasian Arctic. Progress in Oceanography, 2006, 71: 331-361. 50. Wang RJ, Xiao WS, Xiang F, et al. Distribution pattern of biogenic components in surface sediments of the western Arctic Ocean and their paleoceanographic implications (in Chinese with English abstract). Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2007, 27(6): 61-69. 51. Alling V, Porcelli D, M?rth C-M, et al. Degradation of terrestrial organic carbon, primary production and outgassing of CO2 along the Laptev and East Siberian Seas as inferred from δ13C values of DIC. In Doctoral Thesis: Terrestrial organic carbon dynamics in Arctic coastal areas – budgets and multiple stable isotope approaches, Stockholm, 2010, 53pp.

[1]	TIAN Shichao, JIN Haiyan, GAO Shengquan, ZHUANG Yanpei, ZHANG Yang, WANG Bin & CHEN Jianfang. Sources and distribution of particulate organic carbon in Great Wall Cove and Ardley Cove, King George Island, West Antarctica[J]. 极地研究, 2015, 26(1-English): 55-62.
[2]	YIN Xijie, LI Yunhai, QIAO Lei, WANG Aijun, XU Yonghang &CHEN Jian. Source and spatial distributions of particulate organic carbon and its isotope in surface waters of Prydz Bay, Antarctica, during summer[J]. 极地研究, 2014, 25(3-English): 175-182.
[3]	DONG Linsen, SHI Xuefa, LIU Yanguang, FANG Xisheng, CHEN Zhihua, WANG Chunjuan, ZOU Jianjun & HUANG Yuanhui. Mineralogical study of surface sediments in the western Arctic Ocean and their implications for material sources[J]. 极地研究, 2014, 25(3-English): 192-203.
[4]	GAO Zhongyong，SUN Heng，CHEN Liqi & ZHANG Fan. Summertime freshwater fractions in the surface water of the western Arctic Ocean evaluated from total alkalinity[J]. 极地研究, 2012, 23(2-English): 95-102.