东南极新元古代晚期–早古生代(泛非期)花岗岩类的对比研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1084.2010.00348

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

东南极内部发育毛德和普里兹两条新元古代晚期-早古生代(泛非期)造山带，这两条造山带中均发育大量同-后构造花岗岩类。本文系统总结了以往东南极泛非期花岗岩类的岩石学、地球化学和年代学方面的研究成果，对不同地区岩体的岩石类型、岩浆源区及形成的构造环境进行了对比研究。结果表明：除南龙达讷山为I型花岗岩外，大部分花岗岩类表现出与碰撞造山作用相关的A型(或S型)花岗岩的特征。泛非期岩浆作用与区域高级变质作用的时代吻合(600-500 Ma)。两条造山带中泛非期岩浆作用与碰撞后岩石圈减薄、岩浆底侵以及上地壳的伸展垮塌相联系，均具有碰撞造山带的构造演化特点。所以，冈瓦纳超大陆的形成很可能是通过西冈瓦纳、印度－南极陆块和澳大利亚－南极陆块等三个陆块沿着两条造山带(毛德造山带和普里兹造山带)近于同期发生拼合碰撞的结果。

关键词: 花岗岩类

Abstract:

There exist two Pan-African orogenic belts, i.e. Maud and Prydz belts, in East Antarctica. Numerous syn- to post-tectonic granitoids occur in these two orogenic belts. In this paper we summarized the published petrological, geochemical and geochronological data of Pan-African intrusive rocks from the different areas in East Antarctica. A comparative study on rock types, magma sources and tectonic settings were performed. The results show that most granitoids have an affinity of A- or S-type granites related to collisional orogeny, except for granitoids from the S?r Rondane Mountains being I-type granites. The Pan-African granitoid magmatism occurred between 600 and 500 Ma, largely coeval with regional high-grade metamorphism. Granitoid magmatism in two orogenic belts is probably related to post-collisional lithospheric thinning, magmatic underplating and crustal relaxation, which is expected in a typical collisional tectonic setting. Therefore, The Gondwana supercontinent was probably formed by the final juxtaposition between West Gondwana, Indian-Antarctic and Australian-Antarctic continental blocks along the two sutures (Maud and Prydz belts) during the Pan-African time.

Key words: Granitoids

李淼刘晓春赵越. 东南极新元古代晚期–早古生代(泛非期)花岗岩类的对比研究[J]. 极地研究, 2010, 22(4): 348-374.

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