极区极夜期间E层占优电离层的分布特征

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1084.2013.00132

极地研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 132-141.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1084.2013.00132

极区极夜期间E层占优电离层的分布特征

武业文¹刘瑞源²张北辰²吴振森¹徐盛¹刘俊明²

¹西安电子科技大学，陕西西安 710071；
²中国极地研究中心，上海 200136

收稿日期:2013-01-28 修回日期:2013-03-01 出版日期:2013-06-30 发布日期:2013-06-30
通讯作者: 武业文
基金资助:
中国极地科学战略研究基金;自然科学基金;自然科学基金;自然科学基金;自然科学基金

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE E-LAYER DOMINATED IONOSPHERE IN THE POLAR REGIONS DURING POLAR NIGHTS

Wu Yewen¹， Liu Ruiyuan²，Zhang Beichen²，Wu Zhensen¹，Xu Sheng¹，Liu Junming²

¹School of Science, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China；
²SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China

Received:2013-01-28 Revised:2013-03-01 Online:2013-06-30 Published:2013-06-30
Contact: WU Yewen

摘要/Abstract

摘要： E层占优电离层是指E层的峰值电子密度大于F层的峰值电子密度（N_mE>N_mF）时的电离层，记为ELDI（E-Layer Dominated Ionosphere）。针对ELDI，利用2007—2010年的COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate satellite)掩星数据，在修正地磁纬度-磁地方时标系下统计分析了它在南北极区极夜期间（南北半球的冬至日前后30天）的分布特征，结果表明极夜期间电离层ELDI特征明显，其分布与极光椭圆位形基本一致，而且其在夜侧的发生率较高，特别是磁子夜之后，北极为70%左右，而南极为90%左右；另外南极的ELDI特征在磁纬度分布上要略宽于北极的分布范围。在ELDI高发区，电离层峰值电子密度要高于其两侧地区，特别是在夜侧，尤其是磁子夜前的峰值电子密度要接近甚至大于磁正午的峰值电子密度，在南极地区格外明显；而且ELDI高发区内的E层的电子含量（TECE）、电离层总电子含量（TECI）及TECE占TECI的比重（TECEI）都高于其两侧地区，北极TECE和TECI大于南极，而TECEI则是南极大于北极。这些现象主要是由于极夜期间极区高能粒子沉降引起底部电离层电离率增大所致；同时，由于地磁轴偏离地理轴的程度在南极要大于北极，使得极夜期间南极地区的电离层的电子密度，特别是在F层要相应地小于北极地区，从而导致了极夜期间南北半球极区电离层ELDI特征之间差异。

关键词: E层占优电离层, 极区, 电离层峰值电子密度, 电离层总电子含量

Abstract: The E-Layer Dominated Ionosphere (ELDI) is defined as the ionosphere where the maximum electron density in the E-Layer is larger than that of the F-Layer. The characteristics of the ELDI in the polar region during polar nights were investigated in 2007—2010 in the Corrected Geomagnetic Latitude and Magnetic Local Time Coordinates, using the measurements of COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate satellite). The ELDI is marked in the polar region during polar nights, with a similar distribution to the auroral oval. The ELDI occurred more during the night than the day, especially after midnight. Maximum occurrence probability was about 70% and 90% in the Arctic and Antarctic, respectively. The ELDI appears slightly wider in the Antarctic than in the Arctic. In the area where the occurrence probability of ELDI is higher, the ionospheric maximum electron density (N_mI) is larger than outside this area, especially during the night. The N_mI before midnight is close to, and even slightly larger than, the N_mI at mid-day, a phenomenon which was more obvious in the Antarctic. Additionally, the electron content in the E-Layer (TECE), the ionospheric total electron content (TECI) and the ratio of TECE accounting for TECI were also greater in the area where the occurrence of ELDI is larger, compared with outside the area. The values of TECE and TECI were largest in the Arctic, while the values of TECEI were largest in the Antarctic. These patterns were mainly caused by the precipitation of high-energy particles, which increases the ionization rate in the bottom of the ionosphere. Meanwhile, differences in ELDI features between the Arctic and Antarctic are attributed to differences in the departure of the geomagnetic pole from the geographic pole in each hemisphere; this causes a greater electron density in the Arctic than Antarctic, especially in the F-layer, during polar night.

Key words: E-Layer dominated Ionosphere, polar region, Ionospheric peak electron density, TEC

武业文刘瑞源张北辰吴振森徐盛刘俊明. 极区极夜期间E层占优电离层的分布特征[J]. 极地研究, 2013, 25(2): 132-141.

Wu Yewen，Liu Ruiyuan，Zhang Beichen，Wu Zhensen，Xu Sheng，Liu Junming. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE E-LAYER DOMINATED IONOSPHERE IN THE POLAR REGIONS DURING POLAR NIGHTS[J]. ADVANCES IN POLAR SCIENCE, 2013, 25(2): 132-141.

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极区极夜期间E层占优电离层的分布特征

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE E-LAYER DOMINATED IONOSPHERE IN THE POLAR REGIONS DURING POLAR NIGHTS

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