极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 128-139.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20230043

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

南极普里兹湾海底表层沉积物中重金属分布特征及其潜在环境风险评价

张浩  崔迎春  邵和宾  李升贵  宗师   

  1. 自然资源部极地科学重点实验室, 中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所), 上海 200136
  • 出版日期:2024-06-30 发布日期:2024-07-18
  • 作者简介:张浩, 男, 1990年生。博士, 助理研究员, 主要从事海洋科学、沉积学与地球化学研究。E-mail: zhanghao@pric.org.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科基金青年项目(41806229)资助

Distribution characteristics and potential environmental risks of heavy metals in seabed surface sediments of Prydz Bay, Antarctica

ZHANG Hao, CUI Yingchun, SHAO Hebin, LI Shenggui, ZONG Shi   

  1. Key Laboratory of Polar Science, MNR, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
  • Online:2024-06-30 Published:2024-07-18

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摘要： 为了解普里兹湾表层沉积物主要重金属的污染特征, 本研究利用中国第29次南极考察航次获取的样品, 分析了表层沉积物中钴(Co)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铅(Pb)和铬(Cr)等6种重金属的含量, 探讨其分布特征, 利用潜在生态风险指数法与地质累积指数法评价了普里兹湾表层沉积物重金属潜在环境风险。结果表明, 普里兹湾表层沉积物中重金属元素平均含量从高到低依次为Zn>Cr>Cu>Ni>Pb>Co, 分布整体呈现近岸低、远岸高的特征, 表现出明显的沉积粒级富集效应。其空间分布特征也具有同源性, 表明相似的物源供给与沉积过程。潜在生态风险指数评价结果表明, 各调查站区均为低生态风险, 重金属元素地质累积指数普遍小于0, 总体为清洁状态, 其中综合潜在生态风险指数平均值为7.45。相关性分析表明, 除Pb元素外, 重金属元素间均表现出良好的正相关性, 并与陆源表征元素Ti及沉积物平均粒径呈良好正相关性, 与沉积物分选系数呈良好的负相关性。

关键词: 重金属, 海底表层沉积物, 来源分析, 生态环境风险评价, 普里兹湾

Abstract: To understand the characteristics of major heavy metal pollutants in the surface sediments of Prydz Bay, Antarctica, this study analyzed the content of six heavy metals–copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr)–in samples of surface sediments obtained during the 29th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition. The potential environmental risks of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Prydz Bay were evaluated by using the potential ecological risk index and geological accumulation index. The results show that Zn had the highest average concentration, followed by Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Co in descending order of concentration. Concentrations were low near shore and high far shore; spatial distributions of the different heavy metals were homologous, indicating similar source supply and deposition processes. Potential ecological risk index showed that ecological risk was low at all survey stations; the geological accumulation index of heavy metal elements was less than zero, indicating clean sediments. The average value of comprehensive potential ecological risk was 7.45. Correlation analysis showed that all heavy metals except Pb were positively correlated with titanium (Ti) and with average sediment particle size, and were  negatively correlated with the sorting coefficient.

Key words: heavy metals, seabed surface sediments, source analysis, ecological environmental risks assessment, Prydz Bay