极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 255-264.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20210043

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

北极冰川槽谷发育的形态特征分析

王泽民  张曲辰  金爽  艾松涛   

  1. 武汉大学中国南极测绘研究中心，湖北 武汉 430079
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-13 修回日期:2021-08-07 出版日期:2022-09-28 发布日期:2022-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 艾松涛
  • 作者简介:王泽民, 男, 1965年生。博士, 教授, 从事南极物质平衡、南极电离层变化研究。E-mail: zmwang@whu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41941010, 41476162)资助

Analysis of morphological characteristics on glacial valley evolution in Svalbard, Arctic

Wang Zemin, Zhang Quchen, Jin Shuang, Ai Songtao   

  1. Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
  • Received:2021-05-13 Revised:2021-08-07 Online:2022-09-28 Published:2022-09-28
  • Contact: Ai Songtao

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摘要： Austre Lovénbreen冰川和Pedersenbreen冰川是位于北极斯瓦尔巴群岛的两条典型的多温山谷冰川, 中国北极黄河站冰川考察组于2009年在两条冰川上开展了密集的GPS/GPR测量工作。基于现场实测数据, 结合冰川槽谷数值研究的幂函数模型, 本文解算了Austre Lovénbreen冰川和Pedersenbreen冰川的模型参数, 根据两条冰川不同断面模型参数的变化规律, 确定冰川槽谷发育的形态特征; 分析冰川侵蚀在槽谷发育过程中的作用, 比较两冰川地形和冰流速差异对冰川槽谷发育的影响, 探究冰川槽谷形态发育状态与冰流速的关系。结果表明Pedersenbreen冰川槽谷发育优于Austre Lovénbreen冰川, 两条冰川槽谷地形更接近于V型而非U型。尽管两条冰川相邻, 当前的发育状态却呈现出明显的差异, Pedersenbreen冰川流速较快, 冰川侵蚀过程以侧蚀作用为主; Austre Lovénbreen冰川流速较慢, 冰川侵蚀过程以下蚀作用为主; 这主要是由于两条冰川所处的山谷地形不一致造成的。

关键词: 冰川槽谷, Austre Lovénbreen冰川, Pedersenbreen冰川, 幂函数模型 , 冰川侵蚀

Abstract: As typical poly-thermal glaciers, Austre Lovénbreen and Pedersenbreen were land-termilated valley glaciers in Svalbard, Arctic. During the 2009 research expedition of Chinese Arctic Yellow River Station, the glaciological research group measured these glaciers by differential Global Position System (GPS) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR). We combined the field acquired GPS and GPR data with power law model for glacial valleys, and presented the glacier valley parameters of Austre Lovénbreen and Peder-senbreen. We then determined the morphological characteristics of glacial bedrock according to the changes of cross-section parameters; analyzed the effect of bedrock erosion on glacial valley evolution; explored the relationship between glacial valley morphology and ice flow velocity by comparing the flow difference between Austre Lovénbreen and Pedersenbreen. The results indicated that glacial valley evolu-tion of Pedersenbreen was better than Austre Lovénbreen, and these glaciers have V-shaped instead of U-shaped valleys, but the evolution status of the two adjacent glaciers showed obvious differences. Ice flow velocity in Pedersenbreen was higher than that in Austre Lovénbreen. The main process of valley formation was lateral erosion in Pedersenbreen and bottom erosion in Austre Lovénbreen. These differ-ences are mainly caused by differences in the glacial valley topography.

Key words: glacial valley, Austre Lovénbreen, Pedersenbreen, power law model, glacier erosion