极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 128-133.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20180063

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国南极昆仑站低轨空间碎片监测优势及CSTAR望远镜实测

杨臣威1  姜鹏1  贾明皓2  周旭3  张少华1  周宏岩1  李恭强3  江海3  程昊文3  刘静3  李正阳4#br#   

  1. 1. 中国极地研究中心, 上海 200136;
    2. 中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026;
    3. 中国科学院国家天文台, 北京 100101;
    4. 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所, 江苏 南京 210042
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-07 修回日期:2019-01-03 出版日期:2019-06-30 发布日期:2019-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 杨臣威
  • 基金资助:

    上海市自然科学基金(18ZR1443300)、国家自然科学基金(11503044)资助

Station characteristics and CSTAR data measurement of LEO space-debris monitoring at Kunlun Station, Antarctica

Yang Chenwei 1, Jiang Peng1, Jia Minghao2 , Zhou Xu3, Zhang Shaohua1, Zhou Hongyan1, Li Gongqiang3, Jiang Hai3, Cheng Haowen3, Liu Jing3, Li Zhengyang4   

  • Received:2018-11-07 Revised:2019-01-03 Online:2019-06-30 Published:2019-06-30
  • Contact: Chenwei Yang

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关键词: 昆仑站, 空间碎片, 南极天文学, 台址, 光学, 望远镜

Abstract:

An increasing amount of space debris seriously threatens the operation of spacecraft. Analysis based on objects in LEO Orbit and the geographic position of the Kunlun Station showed that LEO objects have a very high pass frequency and long observable time at Kunlun Station. It is therefore possible to observe larger debris and satellites during polar daytime, as the monitoring efficiency at Kunlun Station is significantly greater than otherwise achievable at other, medium- or low-latitude sites. We analyzed CCD (charge-coupled device) images taken by the Chinese Small Telescope ARray (CSTAR). The line features on the images caused by space debris are effectively detected through use of image subtraction and the Hough transform method. By comparing the detected objects with a published catalog, we found that in a continuous observation time of 72 hours a single telescope with a FoV of 20 deg2 and an effective diameter of 100 mm could detect more than 80% of polar-orbit space debris with a surface area greater than 1 m2. These results confirm the high efficiency of space-debris monitoring at Kunlun Station.

Key words: Kunlun Station, space debris, Antarctica astronomy, observatory, optical, telescope