极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 305-313.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.2017.3.305

• 研究综述 •    下一篇

南极冰盖接地线研究综述

常沛, 周春霞, 雷皓博   

  1. 武汉大学中国南极测绘研究中心, 湖北 武汉 430079
    极地测绘科学国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室, 湖北 武汉430079  
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-15 修回日期:2017-03-28 出版日期:2017-09-30 发布日期:2017-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 周春霞
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(41376187、41531069)、国家973 计划(2013CBA01804)和极地专项(CHINARE2016-02-04)资助

Research progress on Antarctic ice sheet grounding line

Pei Chang, Zhou Chunxia, Lei Haobo   

  • Received:2016-01-15 Revised:2017-03-28 Online:2017-09-30 Published:2017-09-30

PDF (PC)

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摘要：

接地线是内陆固定冰盖和漂浮冰架的分界线, 其位置的准确界定直接影响到南极冰盖物质平衡的计
算。随着技术的发展, 接地线的提取手段已经逐步从小范围的实地无线电回波测厚和GPS 探测, 发展到大
范围的遥感观测。遥感观测主要包括4 种技术手段, 即流体静力学平衡、坡度分析、重复轨道分析以及差
分干涉测量。以遥感观测为基础, 国际上已发布5 种全南极接地线产品, 包括MOA、ASAID、ICESat、
MEaSUREs 以及Synthesized 接地线产品。随着卫星数据源的丰富, 改进接地线提取方法并高精度提取接地
线, 扩大接地线研究的时间尺度并对全南极进行长时序的接地线动态变化监测, 结合冰架底部消融、冰底地
形和海洋温度等参数, 深入分析其变化原因和机制以及接地线变化与气候变化相互关系的建模等, 将会成
为南极接地线研究的新热点。

关键词: 南极冰盖, 接地线, 接地区域, 遥感观测

Abstract:

Grounding line is the boundary between inland grounded ice sheet and floating ice shelf. The precise
extraction of its location has a significant impact on the Antarctic ice sheet mass balance. Grounding line
extraction method has been developed from in situ RES and GPS of small-scale to remote sensing measurements
of large-scale. Four main techniques of remote sensing measurements, including hydrostatic equilibrium,
slope analysis, repeated track analysis and differential SAR interferometry, lay the foundation of five
released grounding line products of the whole Antarctica, named MOA, ASAID, ICESat, MEaSUREs and
Synthesized grounding line product. With the development of remote sensing technology, multi-source remote
sensing data will be used for grounding line extraction with high-precision, and its dynamic changes
monitoring with longer temporal scale in whole Antarctica. Moreover, the change mechanism of the
grounding line position coupled with bottom melt of ice shelf, bed topography and ocean temperature, and
building models of its relationship with climate change will be future research hotpots.

Key words: Antarctic ice sheet, grounding line, grounding zone, remote sensing monitoring