极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 42-49.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20160052

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

南乔治亚岛2016 年冬季大风天气特征分析

刘旺1  胡松1,2,3   

  1. 1. 上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306
    2. 国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306
    3. 河口海洋测绘工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-29 修回日期:2017-04-09 出版日期:2018-03-30 发布日期:2018-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 胡松
  • 基金资助:

    中国远洋渔业数据中心环境数据研究(D-8002-15-8010H)、天气预报模式构建与海气通量算法(D-8002-15-8003)
    资助

Analysis of the characteristics of winter gales near the South Georgia Islands in 2016

Liu Wang1, Hu Song1, 2, 3   

  • Received:2016-10-29 Revised:2017-04-09 Online:2018-03-30 Published:2018-03-30

PDF (PC)

420

摘要：

南乔治亚岛大风天气较为频繁, 天气形势复杂多变。通过对2016 年冬季的随船观测, 结合地面天气
图分析得出, 随船观测期间所有大风天气都由气旋直接或间接造成, 共归纳出3 种造成南乔治亚岛大风的
天气形势: 单一气旋型, 北高南低型和西高东低型。单一气旋型持续时间较短。北高南低型持续时间较长,
对南极磷虾渔船作业影响最大。西高东低型持续时间最短, 往往是鞍型气压场东移造成, 风急浪大, 且风向
与常年西风不同, 需特别注意渔船避风避浪方式。

关键词: 南乔治亚岛, 大风, 气象保障

Abstract:

The weather at the South Georgia Islands is frequently windy and the general weather situation is complex. Based on
surface weather charts and observations from a fishing ship, we concluded that the synoptic situations that lead to winter gales
near the South Georgia Islands could be divided into three types: (1) a single cyclone, (2) high pressure to the north and low
pressure to the south, and (3) high pressure to the west and low pressure to the east. Type 1 causes gales with moderately short
durations. Type 2 causes gales with the longest durations. Type 3 is often generated by an eastward shift of the saddle-shaped
pressure system, producing gales with the shortest durations. However, Type 3 can produce wind waves in directions different
to the climatological mean direction, which potentially could be dangerous for fishing ships and therefore, careful monitoring
is required.

Key words: South Georgia Islands, gale, meteorological support