极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 11-19.DOI: 10.13679/j. jdyj. 20210057

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于相干多普勒测风激光雷达的南极中山站低空大气风场应用研究

王章军1  王睿2  李辉1  庄全风1  黄文涛2  柳付超3  班超4  陈超1   

  1. 1齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院), 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所, 山东 青岛 266061;
    2中国极地研究中心, 自然资源部极地科学重点实验室, 上海 200136;
    3武汉大学电子信息学院, 湖北 武汉 430072;
    4中国科学院大气物理研究所, 中层大气和全球环境探测重点实验室, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-07 修回日期:2021-08-10 出版日期:2022-03-31 发布日期:2022-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 王睿, 王章军
  • 作者简介:王章军, 男, 1982年生。博士, 主要从事海洋光学与激光探测技术和设备研制。E-mail: zhangjun-wang@qlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1407300, 2016YFC1400300)、山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程) (2020CXGC010104)、广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020B1515120056)和国际子午圈关键科学问题国际合作预先研究(A131901W14)

Applied research on low-altitude wind field using coherent doppler wind lidar at Zhongshan Station, Antarctic

Wang Zhangjun1, Wang Rui2, Li Hui1, Zhuang Quanfeng1, Huang Wentao2, Liu Fuchao3, Ban Chao4, Chen Chao1   

  1. 1Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology
    (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266001, China;
    2Key Laboratory of Polar Science, MNR, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China;
    3Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
    4Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation, Institute of Atmospheric
    Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100029, China.
  • Received:2021-07-07 Revised:2021-08-10 Online:2022-03-31 Published:2022-06-28

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摘要： 极区大气作为整个地球大气系统中的重要组成部分, 其风场结构与变化关系到全球大气系统的运动。为更好地研究南极低空大气风场特性及其时空变化特征, 在中国第36次南极科学考察度夏期间, 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所将研制的相干多普勒测风激光雷达部署到南极中山站, 经过现场安装调试, 激光雷达从2020年1月8日正式开展业务化观测。观测结果表明, 该系统具有灵敏度高、精度高和稳定性高等特点, 可对低空大气风场进行高时空分辨率、全天时的观测。文章主要介绍了该系统的测量原理、结构设计、技术指标、数据反演方法等, 并分析了该系统与L波段GTS1型数字探空仪的比对观测数据。统计表明两者的风速相关系数为0.907, 标准差0.565 m·s−1; 风向相关系数为0.832, 标准差6.02°, 比对结果良好, 验证了该系统所采集测风数据的可靠性。此外, 选取了南极中山站一次典型连续观测事例, 进行了分析研究。选取部分观测数据与地面站气象数据进行比对, 结果显示该系统可提供稳定可靠的风场观测数据, 为南极低空大气探测提供全新的观测手段。

关键词: 多普勒激光雷达, 风速, 风向, 南极中山站

Abstract: The polar atmosphere plays an important role in the global atmospheric system, and the polar wind field structure and its changes are closely related to global atmospheric dynamics. For further study of both the low-altitude atmospheric wind field properties and the characterization of its spatiotemporal variations in the Antarctic, a coherent Doppler wind lidar was developed by the Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation at Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences, China), and deployed at Zhongshan Station (Antarctica) during the summer period of the 36th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition. After field installation and testing, routine wind lidar observations commenced on January 8, 2020. Results showed that the high sensitivity, precision, and stability of the system ensured full-time observation of the low-altitude atmospheric wind field with high spatiotemporal resolution. In this paper, we report detailed information regarding the coherent Doppler wind lidar, including its measurement principles, structural design, technical parameters, and data inversion algorithm, together with experimental results. Specifically, the data observed by the wind lidar were compared with those from an L-band GTS1 digital radiosonde. Statistical analysis of wind speed (direction) data obtained by the two instruments showed a correlation coefficient of 0.907 (0.832) and a standard deviation of 0.565 m·s–1 (6.02°), confirming the reliability of the wind data measured by the developed lidar system. Lidar data obtained as part of a typical continuous observation series were also analyzed. By comparing parts of the lidar data with meteorological data recorded at the ground station, we further demonstrated the stability and reliability of the wind field data. Thus, the developed wind lidar system represents a novel effective approach for observing the low-altitude atmosphere in the Antarctic.

Key words: Doppler wind lidar, wind speed, wind direction, Zhongshan Station