关键词: 海冰;海水;北冰洋;生态系统

Abstract:

In the recent years,the environmental conditions of the Arctic Ocean have been changing quickly and acutely:the decrease of sea ice covered area,thinning of sea ice thickness,in- crease of water temperature and fresh water influx,aggravation of pollution.All these variations threaten the existing ecosystem that has close relationship with sea ice.It's expected that with the continuance of such kinds of changes,the sympagic food web will disappear in some area and be replaced by the species coming from lower latitude,the total primary production will in- crease and maybe bring us much more fish catch,the large mammals who used pack ice as rest and prey locations,such as polar bear and sea elephant,will face survival menace.In the fu- ture,we should study further to understand the environmental and ecological variation charac- teristics and apply them,attend the future of special species in the Arctic Ocean and protect them in our power,assess the influence of ecosystem changes in the Arctic Ocean to the society so as to make some responding measures as early as possible.It can be expected that,with the implement of the large international research programs such as SEARCH,the ecosystem moni- toring and research will become more systemic and comprehensive.