关键词: CO2;碳循环;全球变暖;北极地区;展望

Abstract:

The Global warming has been causing rapid changes in the Arctic region. Since last decades, more and more evidences have shown that tundra degraded, sea ice's coverage decreased, center Arctic sea ice's thickness reduced, etc. The changes above in the Arctic would influence carbon biogeochemistry. Therefore, an intention has been paid to investigate carbon cycles on tundra, marginal seas and the Arctic Ocean in the Arctic in order to precisely evaluate uptake fluxes of the anthropogenic atmospheric CO 2. Results have suggested that significant regions for ocean's absorption of the atmospheric CO 2 in the Arctic Ocean and subarctic waters. It was estimated that a potential increase uptake CO 2 capacity would be about 1×Gt C a -1 for the Arctic Ocean due to a long solar radiation and high biological production in the marginal regions in summer would drive a biological pump to effectively absorb the atmospheric CO 2. The deep sea circulation and ventilation would also benefit to transfer CO 2 from surface water to deep sea water. Recent investigations have indicated that a possibility might happen that a sink in the tundra regions in the Arctic would be changed to a source of the atmospheric CO 2 when the global temperature to be increasing. An effort has been practiced to enhance the plan and implementation of carbon cycle researches in the Arctic including improving fields observing methods and modeling for forecasting variations and uptake capacity of CO 2 in the Arctic as well as feedback to the global climate.