极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 63-72.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20240020

所属学科：极地生物与生态学

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

南极半岛海域四种绵鳚科鱼类矢耳石形态特征研究

尹开元1,2,  张然2,  妙星2, 李海2, 林龙山2, 王芮2, 张静1   

  1. 1集美大学水产学院, 福建 厦门 361021;
    2自然资源部第三海洋研究所, 福建 厦门 361005
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-19 修回日期:2024-05-13 出版日期:2026-03-31 发布日期:2026-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 王芮
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金、福建省自然科学基金项目和南极重点海域对气候变化的影响和响应项目资助

Study on the morphological characteristics of sagittal otoliths of four species of Zoarcidae in the Antarctic Peninsula waters

YIN Kaiyuan1,2, ZHANG Ran2, MIAO Xing2, LI Hai2, LIN Longshan2, WANG Rui2, ZHANG Jing1   

  1. 1Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;
    2Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China

  • Received:2024-02-19 Revised:2024-05-13 Online:2026-03-31 Published:2026-04-27
  • Supported by:

摘要： 南大洋绵鳚科鱼类是南大洋鱼类种类最多的科系之一, 但目前仍然缺乏对该科鱼类的研究。本研究基于中国第38次南极考察在南设得兰群岛海域所捕获的绵鳚科鱼类样本, 利用形态学与分子学相结合的方法对样本进行种类鉴定, 通过傅里叶分析对矢耳石形态特征进行描述和差异比较。研究结果表明: (1)南极半岛海域绵鳚科鱼类隶属于4属4种, 分别为安贝狼眼绵鳚(Ophthalmolycus amberensis)、短头壮绵鳚(Pachycara brachycephalum)、黑腭蛇绵鳚(Lycenchelys nigripalatum)和南极真狼绵鳚(Lycodichthys antarcticus)。(2)绵鳚科鱼类矢耳石形状主要为椭圆形, 听沟狭长, 从前侧主间沟延伸至耳石核心后端, 种间差异主要体现在主间沟、基叶与翼叶长度, 其体长均与耳石重呈正相关。(3)安贝狼眼绵鳚和南极真狼绵鳚的种间差异较小, 而黑腭蛇绵鳚与其余3种差异最大, 与系统发育树的亲缘关系图结果相符。

关键词: 绵鳚科, 矢耳石, 傅里叶分析, 主成分分析, 聚类分析, 南极半岛海域

Abstract:

Although the Zoarcidae family is one of the families with the largest number of fish species in the Southern Ocean, there is currently a lack of research on this family. This study analyzed Zoarcidae samples collected from the waters near South Shetland Island during China’s 38th Antarctic Expedition. A combination of morphological examination and molecular methods were used to identify the species of the obtained samples, and the morphological characteristics of the sagittal otoliths were compared through Fourier analysis. The results showed that: (1) fish captured in the waters surrounding the Antarctic Peninsula belonged to four species from four genera, namely Ophthalmolycus amberensis, Pachycara brachycephalum, Lycenchelys nigripalatum, and Lycodichthys antarcticus. (2) The shape of the sagittal otolith in the Zoarcidae fish was mainly elliptical, with a narrow and elongated auditory sulcus extending from the anterior main sulcus to the posterior end of the otolith core. Interspecific differences were mainly reflected in the length of the main sulcus, basal lobe, and pterygoid lobe. The body length was positively correlated with the weight of the otoliths. (3) There were relatively small differences between O. amberensis and L. antarcticus. The greatest differences were between L. nigripalatum and the other three species, which was consistent with the phylogenetic tree results.


Key words: Zoarcidae, Sagittal otolith, Fourier analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, Antarctic Peninsula waters