极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 668-680.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20240054

所属学科：极地测绘学

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于多源遥感数据的东南极达尔克冰架月尺度动态监测

贾鹏1, 刘岩1, 翁志龙1, 程晓2,3   

  1. 1北京师范大学地理科学学部遥感科学国家重点实验室, 北京 100875;
    2南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海), 广东 珠海 519082;
    3中山大学测绘科学与技术学院, 广东 珠海 519082
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-14 修回日期:2024-07-13 出版日期:2025-12-30 发布日期:2026-01-12
  • 通讯作者: 刘岩
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助

Monthly dynamic monitoring of the Dalk Ice Shelf based on multisource remote sensing data

JIA Peng1, LIU Yan1, WENG Zhilong1 CHENG Xiao2,3   

  1. 1Institute of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
    2Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China;
    3School of Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
  • Received:2024-05-14 Revised:2024-07-13 Online:2025-12-30 Published:2026-01-12

PDF (PC)

82

摘要： 对冰架面积进行月尺度监测, 探究冰架范围变化的时空特征和影响因素, 有助于深入理解冰架崩解机制。本研究基于光学和合成孔径雷达遥感影像, 通过目视解译和海岸线推移模拟算法以月为周期提取了达尔克冰架2000年1月—2023年8月共284期冰架范围数据, 分析其面积的周期性和季节性特征, 并结合同时期的海洋尼诺指数(Oceanic Niño Index, ONI)、南极环状模(Southern Annular Mode, SAM)、海冰密集度(Sea Ice Concentration, SIC)以及海洋表面温度(Sea Surface Temperature, SST)数据探究冰架范围的影响因素。结果表明: (1)24年间达尔克冰架经历了6个“前进—快速退缩”周期, 周期从22~74个月不等, 每次快速退缩都伴随着强厄尔尼诺或强拉尼娜事件, 且冰架前缘均退缩到地形起伏较大的冰隆附近; (2)达尔克冰架退缩存在明显的季节性特征, 夏季冰架退缩面积远大于其他季节, 退缩高峰出现在3月, 且在2016年强厄尔尼诺事件期间发生了冬季异常快速崩解现象; (3)月冰架面变化与海气变化显著相关, 与SST呈显著的中度负相关(r= –0.35, p<0.01), 与SAM呈显著的弱正相关(r=0.26, p<0.01), 与SIC呈显著的较强正相关(r=0.57, p<0.01), 与ONI存在显著的强正相关(r=0.68, p<0.01)。

关键词: 达尔克冰架, 冰架范围变化, 影响因素, 响应机制

Abstract: Monthly measurements of ice shelf area and exploration of the spatiotemporal characteristics and factors influencing ice shelf extent improve our understanding of the mechanisms of ice shelf collapse. This study uses visual interpretation, coastline transition algorithms, and optical and synthetic aperture radar remote sensing images to extract data on ice shelf extent over the 284 months from January 2000 to August 2023. The periodic and seasonal characteristics of ice shelf area were examined. The influence of the Oceanic Niño index (ONI), the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), sea ice concentration (SIC), and sea surface temperature (SST) on ice shelf extent was analyzed. The results show that: (1) during the 24 years of the study period, the Dalk Ice Shelf experienced six “forward rapid retreat” cycles, each accompanied by strong El Niño or La Niña events. At the end of each cycle, the front edge of the ice shelf retreated to the area dominated by ice ridges with prominent topographical variations. (2) The retreat of the Dalk Ice Shelf exhibited clear seasonality. Retreat area was the largest in summer with maxima in March. In 2016, a strong El Niño year, the ice shelf experienced an abnormally rapid collapse event in winter. (3) Ice shelf area is significantly negatively correlated with SST (r=−0.35, p<0.01) and the magnitude of the correlation coefficient is modest. Ice shelf area is positively correlated with the SAM (r=0.26, p<0.01) with a small correlation coefficient. It is positively correlated with SIC (r=0.57, p<0.01) with a large coefficient. It is also positively correlated with the ONI (r=0.68, p<0.01).

Key words: Dalk Ice Shelf, changes in ice shelf range, influencing factors, response mechanism